Foreign Policy 45-75 Flashcards
What’s the difference between Communists and capitalists
Capitalist generally believe in democratic government private enterprise control of economy
Communist generally believe in a dictatorship in government control of the economy
Why were American terrified of communism
After Russian revolution they wanted to spread communism over the world
What was the Yalta and Potsdam conference
A conference intended to make arrangements for the post war world
Potsdam and Yalta the USSR and USA fellows
Why was Stalin bitter at World War II
Lost 20million troops
What did the yolta conference say?
Russia permitted to have influence over the region that the left their troops in however the countries of Eastern Europe stop democratic elections
America feared that was an attempt to expand Russia’s borders
Germany would be divided into four zones to be administrated by each of the Allied
What did the Potsdam conference say
America feared that starling might take advantage of the situation that America was still at war with Japan to gain land in Asia
How did america prevent soviet gains in the Far East
Dropping of atomic bomb 1945
What was the iron curtain
The way Churchill described how Russia had divided Europe into communist east as capitalist west
What is the Truman doctrine of 1947
Prevent the spread of communism at all costs
How did the Marshall plan benefit the Truman doctrine
Give money to countries in Europe and other parts of the world that were capitalist
How much money did the Marshall plan give out by 1951
$12.5 billion
Stalin’s reaction of the Truman doctrine and Marshall plan
Unhappy so he set up Comecon and Cominform to fund and promote the spread of communism and protect against capitalist aggression
Made America suspicious
What was the Berlin blockade and airlift
1948
At the beginning of 1948 that three western zones of Germany and feeling when managed to form a single is the one with the help of the Marshall plan West Berlin became very prosperous
Stalin was unhappy at the presence of an island of capitalism in his area of influence so the soffit military government in Burlin began to blockade westerns all of the city refusing to permit supplies from the west zone of The city to the Russian soon
Truman was determined to resist so on the 26th of June and airlift be going over the next 10 months supplies were airlifted to the blockaded city this enables allies to providing food and fuel the 2.5 million people living in West Berlin
How much tons of supplies were airlifted during the Berlin airlift
2.2 million
What is the result of the Berlin airlift
Stalin did not dare to attack the aeroplanes and admitted defeat and lifted the blockade in 1949
Tensions between the superpowers we are now greater than ever
When was the Korean War
1950-53
What was significant about the Korean War
The time when the Cold War became a global conflict
What were the 3 causes of he Korean War
1) domino theory after China fall in 49- was worried if Korea fell communists would capture Jason
2) Stalin involved in Far East North Korea leader Sung went to Stalin to get his agreement to attack south
3) 1950 South Korean leader boasted he was going to attack north - good excuse so north invaded south
What were the 5 events of the Korean War
1) North Korea attack and easily defeated South Korea’s army. America was alarmed and persuaded United Nations to pass a resolution support in South Korea. The American sent troops to Korea to reinforce the South Korean army
2) general MacArthur led a UN Landing behind North Korean troops forcing them to retreat . Then invaded north Korea advancing as far as Chinese boarder
3) Chinese alarmed so November 1950 200,000 Chinese troops attacked MacArthur
4) March 51 America landed more troops and used bombers , drove Chinese back.
5) Truman told MacArthur to stop - was sacked and publicly criticised
Us threatened to atomic bomb China if didn’t stop fighting
All sides agreed truce in 1953
How many US troops lost in Korean War
54,000
How successful was containment in Korea .
Worked as stopped south becoming communist
What was containment
Process of stopping the spread of communism
3 causes of the Cuban missile crisis
Super power tension
Fidel Castro’s Cuba
Bay of pigs
How did super power tension lead to Cuban missile crisis
Space race Arms race Nuclear testing US funding of Vietnam Berlin Wall
All created tension
How did Fidel Castro’s Cuba lead to missile crisis
Castro made trade agreement with Russia
Cuba sent sugar in return for oil
Made America stop trade with cuba
How did the bay of pigs lead to Cuban missile crisis
April 61 CIA encouraged funded and transported anti Castro members to invade Cuba and cause uprise, failed embarrassing JFK
Russia publicly promised weapons to Cuba to defend against America
What were the events of of Cuban missile crisis
U2 spy plane takes pictures of missile bases in Cuba
JFK announced Naval blockade of Cuba
Cuba said missiles only to defend
Russia ships reached blockade and turned back
Russia was building missile bases / JFK planned attack on Cuba
U2 plane shot down and Garry Powers captured
Kruschev agreed with JFK to remove missile bases if blockade was removed
What were results of Cuban missile crisis
Khruschev lost prestige as failed China broke from Russia
JFK gained prestige as sees the man who faced Russians
Both sides more careful in future
Agreed nuclear test ban treaty
Cuba remained communist
5 causes of why the Vietnam war started
1) . The Cold War cause the fear of communism
2) The French were at war with Ho Chi Minh and were defeated at the Battle of the Dien bien phu
3) Truman support of the French with cash. Ike also backed Diem‘s decision not to hold elections. JFK supported containment send in cash and advisors. LBJ believe in domino theory
4) The VC increased due to unpopularity of diem
5) gulf of tonkin (two us ships attacked blamed by North Vietnam) led to war
When was the gulf of Tonkin
August 1964
What were the consequences of the Vietnam war
- Us outwitted but guerrilla tactics
- people were drafted into war but 15 million drafted (students)
-58,000 died and 300,000 injured
-Nixon saw the chance to role back communism - after tet offensive wake up he wanted vietnamisation
-Xmas bombing caused backlash
-Kissinger (negotiator with north) cane more
Influencial
-Us withdrew with ‘peace with honour’
