Soc15: The Structure Of The Heart

Question 1

The three functions of the cardio vascular system

Answer 1

Transports oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients, it helps blood clots, helps control the bodys temp

Question 2

Cardio respiratory system

Answer 2

The interaction of the heart and lungs
to supply oxygen to muscles
during exercise.

Question 3

Cardiovascular

Answer 3

to do with the
heart, blood and blood vessels
together.

Question 4

Vasodilation

Answer 4

when veins swell
up or dilate; widening of the
internal diameter (lumen) of the
blood vessel to allow increased
blood flow.

Question 5

Vasoconstriction

Answer 5

when velns
shrink down; narrowing of the
internal diameter (lumen) of the
blood vessel to decrease blood
flow.

Question 6

Vascular shunting

Answer 6

Your muscles need more blood for movement and so move away from organs to the muscles.

Question 7

Four characteristics of arteries

Answer 7

• Areres taite blaod anzy fram theheart
Arteries have thick wals and are more elastic than weins as they carry blood
wtich is at a higher pressure than veins as they carry or genated blood
• The channel the blood fions through, called the lumen, can widen to allow more
blood through when you so that it can reach the working muscles
• The pulmonary artery is different from other arteries as it carries deoxygenated
blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 8

Four characteristics of veins

Answer 8

• Wens carry blood into the heart
• venshare ruct thimner wals, are less elastic and carry blood at a lower
pressure
© Veins contain many vales which helps deorygenated blood flow to the heart
TA
• The pulmonary we n is diferent to other veins as it carries onygenated blood
from the lungs back to the heart

Question 9

Four characteristics of capillaries

Answer 9

•Capilaries are microscopic vessels- just one cell thick
• At one end, capilaries carry anygenated blood which transfers orygen and
nutrients to the muscles
•Althe other end, they carry deonygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste
products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
•Capilaries are where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 10

what is the role of the pulmonery vein

Answer 10

Oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 11

What is the role of the pulmonery artery

Answer 11

Blood to the lungs

Question 12

What is the role of the aorta

Answer 12

Oxygenated blood to the body

Question 13

What is the role of veina carva

Answer 13

Deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 14

Red blood cells

Answer 14

Red blood cels transport or gen from the lungs to the body’s cells, and carbon
dictide from the cells to the lungs
• tha cortin haenogfobin, which stores anysen and carbon doide
• This is important to a long distance runner as their working muscles require
more on gen when running,

Question 15

White blood cells

Answer 15

•The blood also contains transparent cells called white blood cells
• They have an important function as the defence system of the body
• They produce antibodies to fight against infection and diseases
If an athlete has a disease or infection they may not be able to train/ perform,

Question 16

Platelets

Answer 16

Blad platelets are formed in the bone marrow
• Toy frasmerts that cump together to help blood clot and stop bleeding
• Blcodis the fist Iine of defence in the repalir ofa wound
• When a blood vessel is out, platelets rush to the area and swell into irregular
shapes, they become sticky and act as a plug
• fa performer gets a stin abrasion/ cut the blood platelets will clot to stop the bleeding

Question 17

Plasma

Answer 17

The main role of plasma is to take mutrients, hormones, and proteins to the
prts of the body thatneed it
• Cels also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma then helps
remove this waste from the body