Soc14: The Muscular System

Question 1

Voluntary muscles

Answer 1

Voluntary muscles are under your control you can choose when to contract or relax them. All these muscles are attached to the skeleton via tendons. When your muscles contract movement takes place.

Question 2

Involuntary muscles

Answer 2

Involuntary muscles are not under our control. They contract and relax automatically controlled by the involuntary nervous system

Question 3

Cardiac muscles

Answer 3

Only found in the wall of the heart its a very specialised type of involuntary muscle. Cardiac muscles is made up of interfaced fibres. These fibres can spread electronical signals from the brain right through the heart so that all cells can contract together. This regulates your heart rate and means that when you exercise your heart keeps pumping the right way

Question 4

Deltoid

Answer 4

Move the arm in all directions at the shoulder

Question 5

Pectoralis major

Answer 5

Adduct the arm at the shoulder

Question 6

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 6

Adduct and extend the arm at the shoulder

Question 7

Biceps

Answer 7

Flex the arm at the elbow

Question 8

Triceps

Answer 8

Extend the arm at the elbow

Question 9

External obliques

Answer 9

Pull the chest downwards flex and rotate the spinal column

Question 10

Gluteals

Answer 10

Adduct and extend leg at the hips, pull the leg backwards

Question 11

Hip flexors

Answer 11

Flex the hip, help move the leg towards the body

Question 12

Quadriceps

Answer 12

Extend the leg at the knee

Question 13

Hamstrings

Answer 13

Flex the leg at the knee

Question 14

Gastrocnemius

Answer 14

Point the toes, help flex the knee

Question 15

Tibialis anterior

Answer 15

Pull the toes up towards the shin

Question 16

Muscle fibres

Answer 16

make up voluntary
(skeletal) muscle; divided into
type I, type lla and type lix.

Question 17

Type 1

Answer 17

slow twitch muscle fibres;
suited to low intensity work, e.g.
marathon running, as they can
be used for a long period without
fatiguing.

Question 18

Type IIa

Answer 18

fast twitch muscle
fibres used in anaerobic work; can
be improved through endurance
training to increase their
resistance to fatigue.

Question 19

Type IIx

Answer 19

fast twitch muscle
fibres used in anaerobic work
and can generate much greater
force than other fibre types, but
fatigue quickly.

Question 20

Myoglobin

Answer 20

a red pigment that

transports oxygen to the muscles.

Question 21

Antagonistic pair

Answer 21

muscles
that work together to create
movement.