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Anatomy > Soc Psy > Flashcards

Soc Psy Flashcards

Final

1
Q

Donald Study

A

Explores how priming affects perception.

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2
Q

Milgram’s Look-up in NYC Study

A

Investigated conformity in a real-world setting. Showed the influence of group size on conformity behavior in public spaces

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3
Q

Standford Prison Study

A

Demonstrated the power of situational factors and social roles in influencing behavior.

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4
Q

Discrimination Study

A

Examined the relationship between attitudes and behaviors. Highlighted the attitude-behavior inconsistency

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5
Q

Neuroimaging of Empathy and Faces

A

Investigated brain responses to faces and empathy through neuroimaging. Emphasized the biological basis of empathy.

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6
Q

Catharsis

A

Tested whether venting anger reduces aggression. Participants who vented anger were more aggressive afterward.

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7
Q

Physical Attraction

A

men prioritize appearance and women prioritize status/resources

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8
Q

Robber’s Cave Study

A

Boys were put into two groups in a summer camp and completed activities, leading to hostility. Cooperation was fostered when groups worked towards superordinate goals.

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9
Q

Bystander apathy and diffusion of responsibility

A

The presence of others reduces the likelihood of intervention due to diffusion of responsibility

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10
Q

Bystander effect

A

A person who is present at an event or an incident but does not take part

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11
Q

Van Straaten

A

Highlighted gender differences in courtship behaviors and the role of non-verbal communication in attraction.

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12
Q

Halo Effect

A

Attractive people are often perceived as more intelligent, competent, and likable

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13
Q

Matching Hypothesis

A

People are more likely to form relationships with those of similar attractiveness

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14
Q

Cultural Consistency

A

Certain features are universally considered attractive

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15
Q

Cost-Benefit Analysis

A

People Assess the rewards and costs of a relationship

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16
Q

Proximity

A

Closer physical distance increases the likelihood of liking

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17
Q

Reciprocity

A

We like people like us

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18
Q

Disclosure in forming new relationship

A

Sharing personal information fosters intimacy and trust

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19
Q

Hostile aggression

A

Motivated by anger, intended to harm

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20
Q

Instrumental aggression

A

Harm is inflicted to an end

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21
Q

Displacement

A

Redirecting aggression to a safer target

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22
Q

Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

A

Frustration leads to aggression, especially when goals are blocked

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23
Q

Biological Basis

A

Aggression linked to genetics, brain structures, and hormones

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24
Q

Social Learning Theory

A

Aggression is learned through observing and imitating others, as demonstrated with the Bobo Doll Experiment

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25
Q

Hostile Attribution Error

A

The tendency to interpret ambiguous behavior as hostile

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26
Q

Culture of Horror

A

Cultures where personal or family reputation is prioritized, and aggression is used to defend

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27
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

Behavior is shaped by reinforcement or punishment

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28
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

Learning through association between a neutral stimulus and a response

29
Q

The Contact Hypothesis

A

Prejudice can be reduced through intergroup contact, provided certain conditions are met: Equal status between groups, common goals, cooperation, support from authorities

30
Q

Jigsaw Classroom

A

Students work in diverse groups, with each member responsible for a piece of the “puzzle”. Encourages interdependence and fosters positive interactions.

31
Q

Conformity experiment

A

Demonstrated normative social influence: conforming to fit in, even when the group is wrong.

32
Q

Obedience to Authority

A

Participants obeyed authority figures and administered fake shocks to others, even when they believed the shocks were harmful.

33
Q

Social Facilitation

A

Found that people perform simple tasks better when others are present. Introduced the study of group effects on performance

34
Q

Autokinetic Effect Study

A

Demonstrated informational social influence by showing that individuals rely on others in ambiguous situations to form judgements

35
Q

Social Comparison

A

We evaluate our own abilities, opinion, and achievements by comparing them to others

36
Q

Impression Management

A

Efforts to control how others perceive us

37
Q

Actor-Observer Bias

A

We attribured our actions to situational factors but others’ actions to dispositional factos

38
Q

Self-Serving Bias

A

We attribute successes to ourselves and failures to external factors

39
Q

Heuristic

A

A mental shortcut for decision making

40
Q

Bias

A

Systematic errors in judgement

41
Q

Social Responsibility

A

A sense of obligation to help others in need

42
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

Overestimating dispositional factors and underestimating situational factors when explaining others’ behaviors

43
Q

Foot in the Door Technique

A

Start with a small request to increase compliance with a larger request later

44
Q

Door in the Face Technique

A

Start with a large request, then follow with a smaller one

45
Q

Conformity

A

Adjusting behavior to align with group norms

46
Q

Obedience

A

Following direct commands, often from an authority figure

47
Q

Group Polarization

A

Group discussions lead to more extreme positions

48
Q

Group Think

A

Groups prioritize consensus over critical thinking, leading to poor decisions INVOLVE A LEADER

49
Q

Collectivistic Cultures

A

Value good harmony and interdependence

50
Q

Individualistic Cultures

A

Value independence and personal goals

51
Q

Effects of props on aggression

A

The presence of a weapon can increase aggressive thoughts or behaviors

52
Q

Hate rhetoric for acts of aggression

A

Aggressive actions fueled by hate speech targeting specific groups

53
Q

Ingroup

A

Groups we identify with

54
Q

Outgroup

A

Groups we do not belong to, often viewed negatively

55
Q

Stereotype Threat

A

Fear of confirming a negative stereotype about ones group can impair performance

56
Q

Sex differences in helping

A

Men help in heroic or public scenarios while women are more likely to engage in long-term, caregiving forms of helping

57
Q

Just-World Hypothesis

A

The Belief that people get what they deserve

58
Q

Aversive Racism

A

Subtle, often unconscious forms of prejudice where individuals claim to be non-racist but act in discriminatory ways

59
Q

Schemas

A

Mental frameworks that help organize information

60
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

The discomfort from holding conflicting attitudes or beliefsD

61
Q

Social Facilitation

A

Improved performance on simple tasks in the presence of others

62
Q

Role of Serotonin in Aggression

A

Low levels of serotonin are associated with increased aggression

63
Q

Oxytocin’s Role in Fidelity

A

A hormone that promotes bonding, trust, and social connection

64
Q

Vasopressin’s Role In Fidelity

A

A hormone linked to pair and bonding and monogamous behavior, particularly in males

65
Q

Mere exposure effect

A

Repeated exposure to something increases liking for it

66
Q

Internal vs. External Locus of Control

A

Internal: Belief that one controls one’s own outcomes
External: Belief that external factors or fate control outcomes

67
Q

Hardy Personality Trait

A

Resilient individuals who see stressors as challenges rather than threats. Include commitment, control, and viewing stress as an opportunity for growth.

68
Q
A

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