Skeletal system Flashcards
Sutures
Coronal and sagittal
Cranial bones
Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, & ethmoid
Frontal
The bone of the forehead, eyebrows, and roof of the eye orbit
Parietal
Two bones posterior to the frontal bone at the top of the cranium, are separated from the frontal bone by the coronal suture. The sagittal suture separates the parietal bones.
Temporal
Zygomatic arch, mandibular fossa, mastoid process, styloid process, external auditory meatus, internal auditory meatus, jugular foramen
Zygomatic arch
The arch extends from the temporal bone to articulate with the zygomatic (cheek) bone
Mandibular fossa
Depression just anterior to the styloid process that articulates with the mandible to form the temporal-mandibular joint
Mastoid process
Large, rounded projection of bone that attaches to the neck muscle. This projection can be felt just behind your ear
Mastoid
Shaped like a breast
Styloid process
A thin, pointed projection medial to the mastoid process
Styloid
Long, pointed pillar or stylus
External auditory meatus
Large opening that contains the outer ear canal
Internal auditory meatus
Opening inside the cranium where the nerve that transmits sound and equilibrium sensory information passes through the skull to the brain
Jugular foramen
A large hole that the internal jugular vein passes through as it takes blood away from the brain and back to the heart. When looking at the inferior side of the skull, the jugular foramen is located just lateral of and slightly anterior to the foramen magnum
Occipital
Foramen Magnum, occipital condyle
Foramen magnum
The largest hole in the inferior side of the skull, which the spinal cord passes through
Occipital condyles
Oval knob-like projections on either side of the foramen magnum. These articulate with the first vertebra
Condyle
Knuckle
Sphenoid
Optic foramina, Sella turcica
Optic foramina
Two openings in the posterior portion of the orbit allow the optic nerve to travel from the eye to the brain, If you put two sticks through these holes that will cross
Sella turcica
Is Latin for “Turkish saddle.” On the inside of the skull anterior to the foramen magnum is a distinctive rounded depression that looks a bit like a saddle. This is where the small, pea-sized pituitary gland sits. Inferior to the sella turcica are the sphenoidal sinuses.
Ethmoid
Crista galli, cribriform plate, olfactory foramina, perpendicular plate, middle nasal conchae
Crista galli
A small, shark-fin-looking structure inside the skull, just anterior to the sella turcica. This term means “cock’s comb” or “rooster’s comb”, and is the site of attachment of the meninges which surround the brain
Cribriform plate
A sieve-like structure on either side of the crista galli. The cribriform plate contains many tiny holes called olfactory foramina that allow olfactory nerves for smell to travel from the nasal cavity to the brain
Olfactory foramina
Name for the individual holes in the cribriform plate where the axons of the olfactory nerves pass through the ethmoid bone and into the brain
Perpendicular plate
A thin, prominent plate of bone that extends inferiorly from the crista galli. Together with the vomer bone, this creates the bony nasal septum that separates the nasal cavity into right and left sides
Middle nasal conchae
Curved projections of bone on the lateral walls of each nasal cavity, on either side of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The conchae help to swirl inhaled air to warm, moisten, and filter air before it passes into the respiratory tract.
Facial bones
Nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, mandible, lacrimal, palatine, inferior nasal conchae, vamer
Nasal
Nasal bones form the bridge of the nose
Maxilla
The upper jaw bone; contains teeth sockets.