Exam 4

Question 1

Joint

Answer 1

The location in a skeleton where 2 bones come together

Question 2

Fibrous joints

Answer 2

Bones held together by dense irregular connective tissue. Have no joint space, and little or no movement.

Question 3

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 3

Bones held together by cartilage

Question 4

Synovial joints

Answer 4

Joint that contains a synovial cavity

Question 5

Sutures

Answer 5

Occur between bones of the skull. Immovable or slightly moveable joints.

Question 6

Interosseous membranes

Answer 6

Between the tibia and fibula of the leg and between the ulna and radius in the arm. Some movement is allowed. Dense irregular connective tissue, allows supination and pronation in the ulna and radius

Question 7

Gomphosis

Answer 7

The joint in which the tooth fits into a socket, an immovable joint

Question 8

Periodontal ligament

Answer 8

The dense irregular connective tissue that holds the tooth in the socket

Question 9

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 9

Tightly connected by car cartilage. No joint space between the bones in these joints. Allows some movement or no movement.

Question 10

Costal cartilage

Answer 10

Between the true ribs and the sternum (some movement)

Question 11

Symphysis joint

Answer 11

Disc of fibrocartilage, connect the bones. Slightly moveable joints

Question 12

Intervertebral joints

Answer 12

Between the vertebrae contain fibrocartilage intervertebral discs (somewhat moveable)

Question 13

Synovial cavity

Answer 13

Contain a space between bones. Allows for the joint to move freely

Question 14

Articulate cartilage

Answer 14

Covers the ends of the articulating joints

Question 15

Ligaments

Answer 15

Hold bones together at synovial joints. Are usually made of dense regular connective tissue

Question 16

articulate capsule

Answer 16

A sleeve like capsule that encloses the synovial cavity and is composed of two layers

Question 17

Fibrous membrane

Answer 17

Outer membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that fuses with the periosteum of the bones

Question 18

Synovial membrane

Answer 18

An inner membrane that contains dense irregular connective tissue with elastic fibers and some adipose tissue

Question 19

Synovial fluid

Answer 19

Secreted by the synovial membrane. Consists of hyaluronic acid. Lubricates the joint and prevents friction. Absorbs shocks during movement.

Question 20

Hinge joints

Answer 20

Produce an opening and closing motion like that of a hinged door.

Question 21

Pivot joints

Answer 21

Surface of one bone articulates with a ring-shaped part of another bone

Question 22

Ball-and-socket joints

Answer 22

A ball-like head of one bone fits into a cup-like depression of another bone. Allow for a large variety of movements

Question 23

Tempromandibular joint

Answer 23

Hinge joint formed by the consumer process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. Only moveable joint between skull bones

Question 24

Articular discs

Answer 24

Pads of fibrocartilage that lie between articulating surfaces of the bones in some synovial joints.

Question 25

Shoulder joint

Answer 25

A ball-and-socket joint is formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity. Shallow

Question 26

Bursae

Answer 26

Sac-like structures that contain fluid similar to synovial fluid.

Question 27

Elbow joint

Answer 27

Hinge joint formed by the humerus, ulna, and the radius

Question 27

Hip joints

Answer 27

Deep ball-and-socket joint formed by the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip bone.

Question 28

Knee joint

Answer 28

A hinge joint formed by the lateral and medial consoles of the femur.

Question 29

Flexion

Answer 29

Decreasing the angle between articulating bones

Question 30

Extension

Answer 30

Increasing the angle between articulating bones

Question 31

Hyperextension

Answer 31

Continuation of extension beyond the anatomical position

Question 32

Lateral flexion

Answer 32

Movement of the trunk sideways to the right or left at the waist

Question 33

Abduction

Answer 33

A movement of a bone away from the midline

Question 34

Adduction

Answer 34

A movement of a bone toward the midline

Question 35

Elevation

Answer 35

Upward movements of body parts

Question 36

Depression

Answer 36

Downward movement of a part of the body

Question 37

Protraction

Answer 37

A movement of a part of the body anteriorly thrusting the mandible forward

Question 38

Retraction

Answer 38

Movement of a protracted part of the body back to the normal anatomical position

Question 39

Supination

Answer 39

Movement of the forearm so that the palm turned upward

Question 40

Pronation

Answer 40

Movement of the forearm so that the palm is turned facing down

Question 41

Supinated position

Answer 41

The radius and ulna are parallel to each other

Question 42

Pronated position

Answer 42

The radius over the ulna

Question 43

Inversion

Answer 43

The movement of the sole of the feet, so that you are standing on the outer edge of the foot

Question 44

Eversion

Answer 44

The movement of the sole of the foot, so the sole of the foot points to the outside

Question 45

Doesuflexion

Answer 45

The bending of the goot at the ankle in an upward direction

Question 46

Planter flexion

Answer 46

The bending of the foot downward