Joints Flashcards
Joint (articulation)
The location in a skeleton where 2 bones come together. Classified by structure and function.
Fibrous joints
Bones held together by dense irregular connective tissue. Have no joint space, held closely together by dense irregular connective tissue, little or no movement.
Cartilaginous joints
Bonds held together by cartilage.
Synovial joints
Joint that contains a synovial cavity.
What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?
Sutures, interosseous membrane, and gomphosis.
Sutures
Occur between bones of the skull. Immovable or slightly moveable joints.
Interosseous membranes
Between the tibia and fibula in the leg and between the ulna and radius in the arm. Some movement allowed. Dense irregular connective tissue, allows supination and pronation in the ulna and radius.
Gomphosis
The joint in which the tooth fits into a socket. Immovable joint.
Periodontal ligament
The dense irregular connective tissue that holds the tooth in the socket.
Gingivitis
Weakens the periodontal ligament.
Cartilaginous joint
Tightly connected by cartilage. No joint space between the bones in these joints. Allows some movement or no movement.
Hyaline cartilage joints
Epiphyseal plates and costal cartilage.
Epiphyseal plates
Within children’s long bones (immovable)
Costal cartilage
Between the true ribs and the sternum (some movement)
Symphysis joint
Disc of fibrocartilage, connect the bones. Slightly moveable joints.
Pubic symphysis
Contain fibrocartilage pads between the pubic bones of the hips.
Intervertebral joints
Between the vertebrae contain fibrocartilage intervertebral discs (somewhat moveable)
Synovial cavity
Contain a space between bones. Allows for the joint to move freely.
Articulate cartilage
Covers the ends of the articulating joints.
Ligaments
Hold bones together at synovial joints. Are usually made of dense regular connective tissue.
Articulate capsule
A sleeve like capsule that encloses the synovial cavity and is composed of two layers: fibrous membrane and synovial membrane.
Fibrous membrane
Outer membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that fuses with the periosteum of the bone.
Synovial membrane
An inner membrane that contains are okay connective tissue with elastic fibers and some adipose tissue.