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appendicular skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Clavicle

A

Collar bone

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1
Q

Pectoral Girdle

A

Clavicle and Scapula

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2
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

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3
Q

Spine

A

posterior ridge of bone that separates the supraspinous fossa and the infraspinous fossa. Extends medially from the acromion and can be felt on the posterior scapula.

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4
Q

Acromion

A

Large, flat projection extending laterally from the spine of the scapula. The acromion is located over the shoulder joint and can be felt at the top of the shoulder.

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5
Q

Coracoid process

A

A hook-shaped anterior lateral projection that the bicep brachii muscle tendon attaches to. Can be felt at the top of the shoulder, inferior and anterior to the acromion.

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6
Q

Glenoid cavity

A

Shallow depression on the lateral side of the scapula where the head of the humerus articulates to form the shoulder joint

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7
Q

Subscapular fossa

A

Depression on the anterior side of the scapula where the muscles of the shoulder joint are attached. This side faces the ribs and follows the curvature of the ribcage.

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8
Q

Supraspinous fossa

A

Depression on the posterior side, above the spine

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9
Q

infraspinous fossa

A

Depression on the posterior side, below the spine. Much larger than the supraspinous fossa.

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10
Q

Upper extremity

A

Humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

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11
Q

Head of the humerus

A

The rounded region on the superior, proximal side of the epiphysis articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the shoulder joint.

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12
Q

Greater tubercle

A

Larger bump of bone located on the superior lateral proximal epiphysis, near the head. Separated from the lesser tubercle by the intertubercular sulcus/groove.

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13
Q

Tubercle

A

little swelling

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14
Q

Lesser tubercle

A

Smaller bump of bone located on the superior medial proximal epiphysis, near the head. Separated from the greater tubercle by the intertubercular sulcus/groove

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15
Q

Anatomical neck

A

Narrow groove surrounding the head of the humerus. This is where the epiphyseal growth plate is located with a child’s proximal humerus

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16
Q

Surgical neck

A

Where the metaphysis narrows to the diaphysis of the humerus. This is a weak point in the humerus and where it is most likely to break, hence the name

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17
Q

Capitulum

A

Rounded, dome-like structure on the anterior lateral side of the distal epiphysis, where the head of the radius bone articulates

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18
Q

Trochlea

A

On the distal epiphysis, medial to the capitulum. The trochlea articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna bone

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19
Q

Olecranon fossa

A

Depression on the posterior side of the distal epiphysis, where the olecranon of the ulna fits when the elbow is extended

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20
Q

Fossa

A

shallow depression

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21
Q

Medial epicondyle

A

Larger bump of bone on the distal end, above the trochlea. It is a site of tendons and ligament attachment. Epicondyle “upon or over the joint” The medial epicondyle can be felt as a big bump on the inside of your elbow joint, medial to the olecranon of the ulna

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22
Q

Lateral epicondyle

A

Small bump of bone on the distal end, above the capitulum. It is the site of tendon and ligament attachment. It can be felt as a bump on the lateral side of the elbow joint

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23
Q

Ulna

A

Olecranon, trochlear notch, radial notch, styloid process

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24
Q

Olecranon

A

On the proximal epiphysis of the ulna, it is the superior posterior region that forms the elbow and fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus

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25
Q

trochlear notch

A

The large u-shaped depression that articulates with the trochlea of the humerus at the elbow joint

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26
Q

Radial notch

A

Smooth region on the lateral side of the proximal epiphysis, next to the trochlear notch. The radial notch is where the head of the radius articulates

27
Q

Styloid process for the Ulna

A

On the distal epiphysis, this pointed region of the bone articulates with the carpals to make up the wrist. It is a bump of bone you can see and feel on the medial side of your wrist

28
Q

Head for the Radius

A

round, flattened disk-shaped proximal epiphysis of the radius. Articulates with the capitulum of the humerus to form the elbow joint and it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna

29
Q

Styloid process for the Radius

A

The pointed region, on the distal epiphysis that articulates with the carpals. It is the bump of bone that you can see and feel on the lateral side of your wrist

30
Q

Carpals

A

These are often called wrist bones but they are actually short bones in the proximal part of your hand that articulate with the distal epiphysis of the radius and ulna to form the wrist joint

31
Q

Metacarpals (I-V)

A

Long hand bones distal to carpals. Metacarpal I begins at the thumb side and ends with metacarpal V at your pinky side

32
Q

Phalanges

A

Pollex and digits II-V

33
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb or digit I; unlike the other phalanges this only has proximal and distal phalangeal bones

34
Q

Digits

A

Proximal, middle, and distal phalanges. Digit II is the index, III is the middle, IV is the ring, and V is the pinky finger

35
Q

Hip bones

A

Are formed from the fusion of 3 bones in childhood: the ilium, ischium, and pubis

36
Q

Illium

A

Iliac crest, greater sciatica notch, anterior superior iliac spine

37
Q

Iliac crest

A

Superior ridge of the hip bone. If you carry or rest something on your hip, it is sitting in your iliac crest.

38
Q

Greater sciatica notch

A

A large, half-heart-shaped indentation on the posterior side of the hip bone, next to the sacrum. This is where the large sciatic nerve that travels down the leg passes through.

39
Q

Anterior superior iliac spine

A

projection of bone on the anterior side, above the anterior inferior iliac spine. This spine is a site of muscle attachment

40
Q

Ischium

A

sometimes referred to as the “sits” bone

41
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

The flattened surface on the medial border of the hip bone. This is where the two pubis bones articulate via the fibrocartilage joint. During childbirth this joint loosens.

42
Q

Acetabulum

A

Deep depression on the lateral surface of each hip bone that articulates with the head of the femur

43
Q

Obturator foramen

A

Large opening in the hip bone. In a living human, this hole is covered by a membrane, and the obturator nerve passes through the membrane as it leaves the body to travel down the leg muscles

44
Q

Head of the femur

A

large, round knob on the medual side of the proximal epiphysis. This articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone

45
Q

Fovea capitis

A

Small depression on the head of the femur. This is the site of the attachment of a strong ligament that joins the head of the femur to the acetabulum of the hip bone

46
Q

Neck of the femur

A

The narrowed region that connects the head of the femur to the diaphysis

47
Q

Greater trochanter

A

Superior and lateral large bump of bone where gluteal muscles attach. Trochanter means runner

48
Q

Lesser trochanter

A

Superior, posterior and medial bump of bone where muscles attach. Immediatley inferior to the head and smaller than the greater trochanter

49
Q

Linea Aspera

A

Slightly raised, rough ridge running along the posterior side of the diaphysis of the femur. Muscles of the thigh attach here

50
Q

Medial condyle of the femur

A

smooth, rounded projection of bone on the medial side of the distal epiphysis of the femur. Articulates with the medial condyle of tibia in the knee

51
Q

Lateral condyle of the femur

A

Smooth, rounded projection of bone on the lateral side of the distal epiphysis. Articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia in the knee

52
Q

Patella

53
Q

Tibia

54
Q

Medial condyle of the tibia

A

Smooth, slightly cup-like region on the medial side of the proximal epiphysis. Articulates with the medial condyle of the femur of the knee

55
Q

Lateral condyle of the tibia

A

Smooth, slighly cup-like region on the lateral side of the proximal epiphysis. Articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur in the knee

56
Q

Tibial tuberosity

A

Bump of bone on the medial enterior side of the tibia, just below the tibial condyles. Site of attachment of the patellar ligament of the knee

57
Q

Medial malleolus

A

on the distal epiphysis, this medial projection of bone articulates with the talus bone in the ankle joint. It is the bony part of the ankle that you can feel on the medial side

58
Q

Head of the fibula

A

Slightly more rounded region which makes up the proximal epiphysis of the fibula; the head articulated with a notch in the tibia below the knee joint

59
Q

Lateral malleolus

A

Slighting more tapered region which makeup the distal epiphysis

60
Q

Tarsals

A

Short bones distal to the ankle joint

61
Q

Talus

A

Proximal tarsal bone. Has a rounded smooth superior surface that articulates with the tibia and fibula at the ankle

62
Q

Calcaneus

A

The largest of the tarsal bones that make up your heels

63
Q

Metatarsal

A

Long foot bones distal to the tarsals

64
Q

Hallux

A

Digit I is unlike the other phalanges because it is proximal and distal

65
Q

Digits II-V

A

Toes with proximal, middle, and distal phalanges

66
Q

Digit V

A

Lateral and is the pinky toe

Anatomy (20 decks)

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