soc as a science 2

Question 1

Thomas Kuhn

Answer 1

defines sceifntifc method by paradigms (how we interact with social construct)/scienfitifc rev. paradigm is created which forms framework in all future scienfitifc research conducted. any info out of paradigm is dismissed until too much to ignore. paradigms shape interest of research eg marxism/fucnt/fem

Question 2

karl popper

Answer 2

wanted to distinguish difference between common sense and religious knowledge with that of scientific knowledge. does this by defining scientific knowledge which can be falsified(failed to prove wrong). eg scientific facts proved today can be disproved tomorrow. so all scientific knowledge is temp.

Question 3

realism keat/urry 1982

Answer 3

society is made up of closed system (control all variables )
an open system is too many intervening variables to control.

Question 4

positivism - their is no distinguish between facts revealed by science

Answer 4

and the values we hold. science only deals in facts/truth these should guide our values

Question 5

interprets : value free impossible :weber
values as guide to research

Answer 5

help us choose which aspects of social life to study

Question 6

interprets : value free impossible :weber
values and data collection

Answer 6

when collecting data values should be out of process

Question 7

interprets : value free impossible :weber
values and data interpretation

Answer 7

values ar important when we interpret what research is telling us. need to tell others about our values so our interpretations can be made in context

Question 8

soc should be value free : GOULDNER

Answer 8

sociologist should focus on and change the powerful groups these create ‘structures of opression’
advocates in. marxist position in siding agsint powerful groups. against Beckers prices of labelling as Becker blames middle dogs eg police who don’t have power

Question 9

Becker interactionsit argues:

Answer 9

values are always present sociolgost should take side of underdog (criminal) less pwerful as less know about their groups, they deserve a voice.

Question 10

Becker: should use qualitative methods

Answer 10

so can reveal experience and meanings of the outsider

Question 11

feminist:

Answer 11

agree with ex[posig explosive groups ut seek key issue being patriachle nature of society (men dominate control society)

Question 12

interpretive

Answer 12

values are involved

Question 13

positivist - their is

Answer 13

real factual world outside of values

Question 14

researcher has

Answer 14

personal intrest, persepctive, interpretations, carrer, assumption

Question 15

myradl 1969

Answer 15

soc should spell out their values and openly take sides by promoting values.soc can’t and should be value free