Soc 9

Question 1

Aerobic exercise

Answer 1

working at a moderate intensity level with oxygen.

Question 2

Long-term training effects – aerobic.

Answer 2

Improved times for long distance athletes (5,000m, 10,000m, marathon runners etc.).
• Ability to run for 90 minutes during a football game (improve cardiovascular fitness levels).

Question 3

Anaerobic exercise

Answer 3

working at a high intensity level without oxygen.

Question 4

Long-term effects of training – anaerobic

Answer 4

• Sprinting for the ball in football.
• Making a powerful tackle in a rugby game.
• Improved time over the shorter/ sprint distances in athletics or swimming.

Question 5

Effects of the musculo-skeletal system

Answer 5

Increased strength of ligaments and tendons.
• Increased bone density – helps prevent osteoporosis (weakening of bones).
• Muscle hypertrophy: is a term for the growth and increase of the size of muscle cells.

Question 6

Decreased resting heart rate:

Answer 6

Your heart gets bigger/ stronger with training, so it can supply the same amount of blood with fewer beats.

Question 7

Faster recovery rate:

Answer 7

Heart recovery rate is the speed at which your heart returns to RHR after you exercise. The faster your recovery rate, the fitter you are.

Question 8

Increased resting stroke volume: .

Answer 8

Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by your heart per beat. When you exercise regularly, your stroke volume increase, both at rest and at work.

Question 9

Maximum cardiac output:

Answer 9

The amount of blood ejected from your heart in one minute. Cardiac output (CO) = stroke volume (SV) X heart rate (HR).

Question 10

Size and strength of the heart:

Answer 10

Training increases the heart muscles in size, thickness and strength.

Question 11

Capillarie

Answer 11

Improved fitness increases the number of capillaries in your heart muscle and helps your blood vessels more elastic, flexible and efficient.

Question 12

Increased number of red blood cells:

Answer 12

These cells carry oxygen to the muscles, so having higher red blood cell count can improve their performance

Question 13

Drop in resting blood pressure:

Answer 13

Drop in resting blood pressure: regular exercise reduces blood pressure due to the muscular wall of the veins and arteries becoming more elastic.

Question 14

Adaptation

Answer 14

Your body’s response to training and how your body changes to cope with new activity.

Question 15

Alveoli

Answer 15

Tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

Question 16

Diaphragm

Answer 16

The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration or inhalation.

Question 17

Resting stroke volume

Answer 17

The amount of blood pumped per beat.