Soc 25 Flashcards
What is a balanced diet
A diet that contains a variety of different foods and nutrients essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle
What are the 7 elements of a balanced diet
. Carbohydrates
. Fats
. Proteins
. Vitamins
. Minerals
. Water
. Fibre
What are Macronutrients
The types of food that you need in large amounts in your diet
What are the 3 main macro nutrients
. Carbohydrates
. Fats
. Proteins
What are carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are stored in the muscles and the liver as glycogen, which is quickly converted into glucose and used to provide energy
What are complex carbohydrates
Found in natural foods such as bananas and nuts. Foods of this type help provide energy for exercise (starch)
What are fats
They provide energy and together with glycogen helps muscles to work
What are proteins
Help build muscles and repair damaged tissue. Proteins are particularly important to strength athletes
Why do people doing different sports require a different balance of the 3 macronutrients
Why are vitamins and minerals essential for the human body
Vitamins and minerals are essential for a healthy body and prevent diseases
What does vitamin B do
Release energy and repair tissue
What does vitamin C do
Helps protect the body from infection
How does calcium help in the body
Calcium is important in the formation of bones and teeth, and helps to make the bones strong - something that is crucial for many sports. It is important to keep up your calcium intake as you get older to reduced the likelihood of osteoporosis
Why is the purpose of having water in our diet
It transports nutrients, waste and hormones around the body and controls the distribution of electolytes. Most athletes need water when competing in order to improve their performance and to offset dehydration.
What are the factors affecting optimum weight
Height - taller person is likely to be heavier than a shorter person
Bone structure - People with heavier bone structure will normally be heavier in weight
Muscle girth - People with bigger muscles will weigh more.
Gender - Men are likely to have a higher optimum body weight, because of their heavier bone structure and bigger muscle girth
