Soc 15 - STRUCTURE OF THE HEART

Question 1

Vena carva

Answer 1

The superior vena cava is the large vein which returns blood to the heart from the head, neck and both upper limbs. The inferior vena cava returns blood to the heart from the lower part of the body.

Question 2

Pulmonary artery and veins

Answer 2

The pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins are the vessels of the pulmonary circulation; which means they are responsible for carrying the oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs and carrying the deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 3

Right and left atrium

Answer 3

The atria (plural of atrium) are where the blood collects when it enters the heart.

Question 4

Left and right ventricles

Answer 4

The ventricles pump the blood out of the heart to the lungs or around the body.

Question 5

The septum

Answer 5

The septum separates the right-hand and left-hand side of the heart.

Question 6

The tricuspid valve

Answer 6

The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle. It opens due to a build-up of pressure in the right atrium, and prevents back flow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

Question 7

The bicuspid valve

Answer 7

The bicuspid valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle and prevents back flow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium. It likewise opens due to a build-up of pressure, this time in the left atrium.

Question 8

The semilunar valves

Answer 8

The semilunar valves stop the back flow of blood into the heart. There is a semilunar valve where the aorta leaves the left ventricle and another where the pulmonary artery leaves the right ventricle.

Question 9

The right-hand side of the heart collects deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs (to collect more oxygen). This is called pulmonary circulation.

Answer 9

The left-hand side of the heart collects oxygenated blood from the heart and pumps it round the body. This is called systemic circulation.