Soc 12: Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system
Protection of vital organs Muscle attachment Joints for movement Storing calcium and phosphorus Red and white blood cell production
What are the bones in the arm (6)
Radius Ulna Phalanges Metacarpals Carpals Humerus
What bones are in the legs (7)
Femur Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatasals Phalanges Patella
What bones are in your spine (5)
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum Coccyx
What bones are in the torso (5)
Calvicle Sternum Rib cage Scapula Pelvis
Long bones
Long bones are longer than they are wide. They don’t have to
be big, small bones like finger bones (phalanges) count as long
bones. A long bone has a shaft and two ends
Short bones
Short bones are generally the same size in length, width and
thickness. The only short bones in the body are the carpals
(cuffs) in the wrist and the tarsals (toes) in the foot.
Flat bones
Flat bones usually protect organs or offer a good surface for
muscles to attach to. For example, the ribs protect the heart
and lungs, while the broad scapula has three muscles attached
to it. Other flat bones are; scapula, cranium and clavicle,
Irregular bones
Irregular bones have odd shapes and vary in function. An
example is the vertebrae which help protects the spinal column
and the sacrum which has lots of attachment points.
What is a ball and socket joint
A rounded head of a long bone fits into a cup-shaped hole. Both the hip and shoulder are ball and socket joints
What is a hinge joint
A joint that only allows backwards and forward motion. These joints are in the elbow, knee and ankle
What is a pivot joint
Allows a bone to rotate. In a pivot joint one bone is shaped like a cylinder which rotates inside another bone or ligament. The three pivot joints are wrist, elbow and neck
What is a hinge joint
Only allows backwards and forward motion. Knee, elbow and ankle
