SM_18b: Infratemporal Fossa

Question 1

Mumps affects the parotid gland because ____

Answer 1

Mumps affects the parotid gland because the parotid gland is the largest and latest developing of the salivary glands, therefore incorporating more lymphatic tissue

Question 2

The fossae arce from the lateral skull (____) through the area deep to the mandibular ramus (____) and then deeper still behind the maxilla and right up to the nasal cavity (____)

Answer 2

The fossae arce from the lateral skull (temporal) through the area deep to the mandibular ramus (infratemporal) and then deeper still behind the maxilla and right up to the nasal cavity (pterygopalatine)

Question 3

Temporal fossa is bony constriction ____ and is filled with the ____

Answer 3

Temporal fossa is bony constriction posterior to the orbits and is filled with the temporalis muscle

Question 4

Infratemporal fossa is ____ and contains ____

Answer 4

Infratemporal fossa is deep / inferior to temporal fossa and lateral to pterygoid plate and contains the temporomandibular joint, medial / lateral pterygoid muscles, maxillary artery / vein, and mandibular division (V3) of trigeminal nerve

Question 5

Pterygopalatine fossa is between ____ and is the realm of the ____

Answer 5

Pterygopalatine fossa is between pterygoid plates of sphenoid and posterior wall of maxilla and is the realm of the maxillary division of the trigeminal (V2) nerve

Question 6

Infratemporal fossa connects with neurocranial vault through ____, ____, ____, and ____

Answer 6

Infratemporal fossa connects with neurocranial vault through temporal fossa, middle cranial fossa, pterygopalatine fossa, and oral cavity

Question 7

Sections of maxillary artery are ____, ____, and ____

Answer 7

Sections of maxillary artery are mandibular, pterygoid, and pterygomaxillary

Question 8

____ and ____ are part of the first branch of the maxillary artery

Answer 8

Middle meningeal and accessory meningeal are part of the first branch of the maxillary artery

Question 9

____ course through the infratemporal fossa and join the lingual nerve

Answer 9

Chorda tympani course through the infratemporal fossa and join the lingual nerve

Question 10

Infratemporal fossa is the realm of the ____ nerve

Answer 10

Infratemporal fossa is the realm of the mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 11

Primary branches of the facial nerve (CN VII) and chorda tympani exit the temporal bone via the ____ and then course through the ____

Answer 11

Primary branches of the facial nerve (CN VII) and chorda tympani exit the temporal bone via the petrotympanic fissure (posterior to TMJ) and then course through the infratemporal fossa

Question 12

_____ and _____ muscles fill the infratemporal fossa

Answer 12

Lateral and medial pterygoid muscles fill the infratemporal fossa

Question 13

Condyle returns fully into mandibular fossa first on the ____ side then the ____ side

Answer 13

Condyle returns fully into mandibular fossa first on the chewing (working) side then on the non-chewing (balancing) side

Question 14

Temporomandibular joint is ____ that functions as ____

Answer 14

Temporomandibular joint is synovial joint with complete articular fibrocartilaginous disc that functions as a modified hinge joint with hinge actions between the condyle of the mandible and fibrocartilaginous disc and gliding actions between the disc/condyle and temporomandibular fossa

Question 15

TMJ dislocations are caused by ____ and ____

Answer 15

TMJ dislocations are caused by extreme depression (opening) and trauma

(clinical: 1. testing, 2. dislocation, 3. clicking)

Question 16

____ and ____ ligaments support the mandible but provide little limitation to movement at TMJ

Answer 16

Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligaments support the mandible but provide little limitation to movement at TMJ

Question 17

Describe mandibular movements

Answer 17

Mandibular movements

• Rotation during elevation and depression (axis of rotation through condyle in TMJ)
• Gliding (anterior-posterior) during protrusion and retrusion
• Gliding (medial-lateral) during lateral and contralateral excursion

Question 18

Temporalis muscle function in ____ and ____

Answer 18

Temporalis muscle function in elevation and retraction

Question 19

Masseter muscle functions in ____, ____, and ____

Answer 19

Masseter muscle functions in elevation, protraction, and lateral excursion

Question 20

Medial pterygoid functions in ____, ____, and ____

Answer 20

Medial pterygoid functions in elevation, protraction, and contralateral excursion

Question 21

Lateral pterygoid functions in ____ and ____

Answer 21

Lateral pterygoid functions in protraction and contralateral excursion (during opening and fine movements)

Question 22

Describe movements and muscles active at TMJ

Answer 22

Movements and muscles active at TMJ

• Elevation (closing): masseter, medial pterygoid, temporalis
• Depression (opening): lateral pterygoid, suprahyoid, infrahyoid
• Protrusion: masseter (superficial), lateral pterygoid
• Retrusion: temporalis (post, horizontal fibers), masseter (deep)
• Lateral excursion right: right masseter, right temporalis, left lateral pterygoid, left medial pterygoid
• Lateral excursion left: left masseter, left temporalis, right lateral pterygoid, and right medial pterygoid

Question 23

Opening movements of the jaw are ____, while chewing movements use ____ movements

Answer 23

Opening movements of the jaw are hingelike, while chewing movements use gliding movements

Question 24

Condyles are ____ onto articular tubercles as the jaw is opened (depressed)

Answer 24

Condyles are rotated out onto articular tubercles as the jaw is opened (depressed)

Question 25

Infratemporal fossa is realm of ___ nerve exiting the ___

Answer 25

Infratemporal fossa is realm of mandibular nerve exiting the foramen ovale