SM_16b: Overview of the Cranial Nerves: I-IV and VI Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory nerve (I) exits the ____ of the ____

A

Olfactory nerve (I) exits the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

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2
Q

Primordium for the olfactory nerve is the ____

A

Primordium for the olfactory nerve is the olfactory placode

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3
Q

Olfactory epithelium is in the ___

A

Olfactory epithelium is in the upper nasal cavity / septum

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4
Q

Olfactory tract is an extension of the ____ surrounded by ____, while nerves are ____

A

Olfactory tract is an extension of the brain surrounded by meninges, while nerves are short

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5
Q

Respiratory epithelium has ____ for smell

A

Respiratory epithelium has bipolar neurons for smell

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6
Q

Optic nerve (II) runs with the ____ through the ____ of the ____

A

Optic nerve (II) runs with the ophthalmic artery through the optic canal of the lesser wing of the sphenoid

(special sensory for vision)

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7
Q

Describe the different visual field deficits with nerve injury

A

Different visual field deficits with nerve injury

  • Medial half of each visual field crosses over
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8
Q

Primordium of optic nerve (II) is the ____

A

Primordium of optic nerve (II) is the optic cup

  • Optic cup is ectodermal extension of the brain surrounded by meninges
  • Increase in CSF pressure can compress the optic nerve
  • Inner layer gives rise to the visual retina, while the outer layer gives rise to the pigmented retina
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9
Q

____, ____, and ____ exit the superior orbital fissure

A

Oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), and abducens (VI) nerves exit the superior orbital fissure

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10
Q

Oculomotor nerve (III) is somatomator to ____ and presynaptic for ____

A

Oculomotor nerve (III) is somatomator to all extraocular muscles except lateral rectus and superior oblique and presynaptic parasympathetic for ciliary muscle and pupil constrictor

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11
Q

Trochlear nerve is somatomotor to ____, which moves the pupil ____

A

Trochlear nerve is somatomotor to the superior oblique muscle, which moves the pupil down and out

(clinical testing position: move pupil in, then down)

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12
Q

Clinically test the trochlear nerve by moving the pupil ____ then _____

A

Clinically test the trochlear nerve by moving the pupil in then down

(trochlear nerve is somatomotor to the superior oblique muscle, which moves the pupil down and out)

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13
Q

Abducens nerve (VI) is somatomotor to the ____, which ____ the pupil

A

Abducens nerve (VI) is somatomotor to the lateral rectus, which abducts the pupil

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14
Q

Primordia for oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), and abducens (VI) nerves are ____

A

Primordia for oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), and abducens (VI) nerves are pre-otic head somites

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15
Q

Parasympathetics from ___ nerve enter the ciliary ganglion

A

Parasympathetics from oculomotor nerve (III) enter the ciliary ganglion

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16
Q

If the oculomotor nerve (III) is injured, there is no ____ function, so the pupil is ____ because there are no ____ input

A

If the oculomotor nerve (III) is injured, there is no levator palpebrae superioris function, so the pupil is dilated because there are no parasympathetic input

17
Q

If the oculomotor nerve (III) is injured, the pupil stays ____ and ____ because the ____ and ____ are still working

A

If the oculomotor nerve (III) is injured, the pupil stays down and out because the lateral rectus and superior oblique are still working

18
Q

Abducens palsy leads to ____

A

Abducens palsy leads to abduct the pupil

(CN VI has a long intracranial course and is often damaged as it gets stretched over the petrous part of the temporal bone)