SM_05b: Overview of Cranial Nerves: V

Question 1

Trigeminal nerve travels in the ____ through the ____, ____, and ____

Answer 1

Trigeminal nerve travels in the middle cranial fossa through the superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, and foramen ovale

Question 2

The three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (V) are ____, ____, and ____

Answer 2

The three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (V) are ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3)

(all three pick up postsynaptic parasympathetics)

Question 3

Opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1) is ____ to the ____, ____, and ____

Answer 3

Opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1) is sensory to the orbit, anterior nose, and forehead

Question 4

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2) is ____ to the ____, ____, and ____

Answer 4

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2) is sensory to the upper jaw / teeth, palate, and nasal cavity

Question 5

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (V3) is ____ to the ____ and ____ to the ____

Answer 5

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (V3) is sensory to lower jaw / teeth and branchiomotor to the muscles of mastication

Question 6

Describe trigeminal nerve sensory territories

Answer 6

Trigeminal nerve sensory territories

• Ophthalmic (V1): forehead and top of nose
• Maxillary (V2): cheeks
• Mandibular (V3): above jaw

back of head is spinal nerve dorsal rami and C2 (greater occipital nerve), below jaw is spinal nerve ventral rami (cervical plexus)

Question 7

____ is intense facial pain from trigeminal compression

Answer 7

Trigeminal neuralgia is intense facial pain from trigeminal compression

Question 8

____ can infect the trigeminal nerve causing shingles

Answer 8

Herpes Zoster can infect the trigeminal nerve causing shingles

Question 9

Describe the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V1)

Answer 9

Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V1)

• Includes frontal, lacrimal, and nasociliary nerves
• All general sensory
• Short ciliary picks up postsynaptic parasympathetics
• Lacrimal gets postsynaptic parasympathetics from V2 via zygomatic nerve

(facial nerve is for lacrimal secretion, not the trigeminal)

Question 10

Describe the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)

Answer 10

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)

• Through foramen rotundum in the greater wing of sphenoid
• General sensory, though most branches pick up postsynaptic parasympathetics from the pterygopalatine ganglion

(for lacrimal gland and mucosa of nasal cavity, palate, and maxillary sinus)

Question 11

___ is the distribution point for maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2)

Answer 11

Pterygopalatine fossa is the distribution point for maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2)

• Anterior via inferior orbital fissure: infraorbital and zygomatic nerves
• Medial through sphenopalatine foramen into nasal cavity: nasopalatine and lateral nasal nerves
• Inferiorly: greater and lesser palatine nerves tunnel to palate
• Laterally: posterior superior alveolar nerves to mollars

Question 12

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) innervates the nasal septum through the ____

Answer 12

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) innervates the nasal septum through the nasopalatine nerve

Question 13

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) innervates the lateral nasal wall through the ___ and ___ nerves

Answer 13

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) innervates the lateral nasal wall through the greater and lesser palatine nerves

Question 14

Describe the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)

Answer 14

Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3)

• General sensory: inferior alveolar -> mental, lingual, buccal, auricotemporal
• Branchiomotor: mylohyoid, masticatory muscle branches
• Lingual nerve picks up taste and parasympathetics from chorda tympani (VIII)
• Auricotemporal gets parasympathetics from IX for parotid gland

Question 15

Lingual nerve is a subdivision of the ____ nerve and picks up ____ and ____ from the ____

Answer 15

Lingual nerve is a subdivision of the V3 and picks up taste and parasympathetics from chorda tympani (VIII)

Question 16

Auriculotemporal nerve is a subdivision of ____ and gets ____ from ____ for the ____

Answer 16

Auriculotemporal nerve is a subdivision of V3 and gets parasympathetics from CN IX for the parotid gland

Question 17

____ is pretrematic branch of pharyngeal arch 1

Answer 17

Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1) is pretrematic branch of pharyngeal arch 1