Slideshow 14 Flashcards
What is gene regulation?
gene regulations controls which genes are expressed
What are 3 circumstances that require regulation of gene expression
- different cell types require different proteins
- starvation
- pathogens
what is another thing we can call a genes promoter
the gatekeeper
what types of molecules are necessary to regulate gene expression
almost all proteins
what are the types of proteins that are necessary to regulate gene expression
Activators and Repressors
Activators def
promote binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter
Repressors def
prevent or make less likely the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter
Activators are responsible for
positive regulation
REpressors are responsible for
negative regulation
+ regulation little def is what
presence of activator allows for expression
- regulation little def is what
absence of repressor allows for expression
allosteric site def
binds a molecule that changed the shape of the protein, and ultimately the affinity of the DNA binding domain for DNA
DNA binding domain def
provides activator/repressor with the ability to bind DNA regulatory elements
Conformational change def
of the protein results when the allosteric site is bound.
what does conformational change allow for
the allosteric site to work as an on/off switch
operon def
a cluster of multiple genes regulated by a single promoter
what is “its a bacterial thing” reffering to
the operon
What did JAcob and Monod do
worked out and discovered the genetic switch
what is lactose made up of
glucose and galactose
B galactosidase does what
splits up the lactose
lacZ does what
codes for B galactosidase
lacY does what
codes for permease
permease def
transports lactose into the cell
what can the operator bind to
the repressor
