Slideshow 12 Flashcards
codons def
they are the “words” of the DNA language
What does each codon do
they code for an amino acid to be added to the growing protein
How many nucleotides are in a codon
20 biological amino acids
4 nucleotides
do codons overlap
no
how many codons are ther
64 codons
is there a 1 to 1 correspondence btw codon and amino acid
no
the effect of point mutations on protein sequence tells us the code is what
non overlapping
each codon codes for what
a certain protein
what are the 3 codes used to stop
UAA UAG UGA
what prime is more able to mutate and not change the protein
3
do proteins show diversity of form and function?
yes . great diversity
how is structure and function related
structure dictates function
what is a motif
motifs can build the DNA binding domain
what does point mutation lead to
nonsense and missense mutations
mutations are at what
the DNA level
nonsense mutation def
introduces a premature STOP codon
missense mutatuion def
changes the amino acid coded for
Amino acid substitutions def
when they occur, they tend to substitute a chemically similar amino acid
what are mutations
the source of diversity
silent mutation def
the protein is not changed even with a mutation
what are the 3 names for mutations
silent, missense, nonsense
what are the 2 types of mutations
insertion-deletion and frameshift mutations
frameshift def
the reading frame determines the polypeptide
insertion def
potential for lots of amino acids to be changed downstream of insertion
