Sleeping Disorders Flashcards
What term refers to difficulties in getting enough sleep, problems with sleeping when you want to, and complaints about the quality of sleep?
Dyssomnias
What term is used for abnormal behavior or physiological events that occur during sleep?
Parasomnias
Which stage of sleep is known for the majority of story-like dreams and constitutes 20%-25% of total sleep?
REM Sleep
What is the first stage of NREM sleep, where the transition from wakefulness to sleep occurs, and it occupies about 5% of sleep time?
NREM Sleep Stage 1 (N1)
Which stage of NREM sleep is characterized by sleep spindles and K complexes, and occupies about 50% of the sleep time?
NREM Sleep Stage 2 (N2)
What is the deepest level of sleep in NREM sleep, often referred to as slow-wave sleep?
NREM Sleep Stage 3 (N3)
What term refers to the overall balance of sleep and wakefulness during a night of sleep?
Sleep Continuity
What is the term for the amount of time required to fall asleep?
Sleep Latency
What term describes the amount of time spent awake between the initial sleep onset and final awakening?
Wake after Sleep Onset
What term refers to the ratio of actual time spent asleep to the time spent in bed?
Sleep Efficiency
It refers to the amount and distribution of specific sleep stages, including REM sleep and NREM sleep stages, as well as latency between sleep onset and the first REM period.
Sleep Architecture
What condition is characterized by difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, early-morning awakening with an inability to return to sleep, occurring at least 3 nights a week for at least 3 months?
Insomnia
It refers to sleep problems reappearing, often more severely, after discontinuation of sleep medication or treatment.
Rebound Insomnia
What disorder involves excessive sleepiness despite having at least 7 hours of main sleep, with recurrent periods of sleep or lapses into sleep within the same day, and lasting at least 3 times a week for at least 3 months?
Hypersomnolence Disorder
What disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of an irrepressible need to sleep, lapsing into sleep or napping with cataplexy, hypocretin deficiency, and REM sleep latency of 15 minutes or less, occurring at least 3 times a week for at least 3 months?
Narcolepsy
What condition is defined by having at least 4 obstructive apneas or hypopneas per hour of sleep, or evidence from polysomnography showing 15 or more obstructive apneas and/or hypopneas per hour of sleep?
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea
What term refers to the absence of airflow during sleep?
Apnea
What term refers to the reduction in airflow during sleep?
Hypopnea
What sleep disorder is diagnosed when polysomnography shows evidence of 5 or more central apneas per hour of sleep?
Central Sleep Apnea
What is the abnormal breathing pattern characterized by progressively deeper, and sometimes faster, breathing, followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing?
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
What disorder is identified by polysomnography showing episodes of decreased respiration associated with elevated CO2 levels?
Sleep-Related Hypoventilation
What disorder involves persistent or recurrent sleep disruption due to alteration of the circadian system or misalignment between the endogenous circadian rhythm, leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia?
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
What type of disorder involves incomplete awakening from sleep, such as sleepwalking or sleep terrors, and occurs mostly in childhood and non-REM sleep?
Non-REM Sleep Arousal Disorders
What disorder is characterized by repeated occurrences of extended, extremely dysphoric dreams, often involving threats to survival or security, and usually occurs during REM sleep?
Nightmare Disorder
