sleep and circadian rhythms Flashcards

1
Q

changes of sleep duration across the lifespan neonates

A

neonates - 16 hours sleep

more rapid eye movements

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2
Q

children

A

10 hours sleep

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3
Q

adolescents

A

8.5 hours of sleep

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4
Q

adults

A

6 hours

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5
Q

why do we sleep

A

repair of all types if cells eg Brian cells
rest our eyes
retain info
energy conservation
restoration and recovery of body systems- immune function

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6
Q

memory consolidation

A

consolidating new memories - allows brain to forget random unimportant info

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7
Q

sleep deprivation affects

A

memory attention speed

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8
Q

sleep deprecation is also associated with

A

reduced emotional intelligence

reduced social skills and reduced self confidence

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9
Q

teenagers with set bedtimes are

A

less likely to suffer depression / suicidal thoughts

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10
Q

neuroimaging of emotional processing after sleep deprivation

A

more amygdala activation , less coupling of activation of amygdala and prefrontal cortex, more negative emotional and less prefrontal control

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11
Q

short sleep is also a risk factor for being

A

overweight- increase appetite

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12
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movements
very active - muscles are parlayed by pons
strong activation if amygdala

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13
Q

REM dreams state

A

more vivid , emotional , negative dreams

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14
Q

why is the body paralysed during REM sleep

A

pons parlays the muscles

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15
Q

NREM sleep

A

light sleep and deep sleep

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16
Q

light sleep

A

not very restoring, quick waves - strong brain activation , relatively strong muscle tone

17
Q

deep sleep

A

slow wave sleep - very restoring - brings brain to the share in which It is able to process info and learn
low muscle tone

18
Q

NREM dreams

A

less often remembered and less vivid / emotional

19
Q

two process model of sleep regulation

A

sleep pressure and circadian processes

20
Q

sleep pressure

A

homeostatic - dependent on how long one has been without sleep
longer we’ve been awake the more sleep pressure- tired

21
Q

circadian process

A

oscillating refused by the body clock

22
Q

sleep pressure then learning

A

synapse size increases - Brin plasticity - stronger but cannot grow infinitely

23
Q

amount of deep sleep is a sign of the

A

strength of sleep pressure

24
Q

circadian process- oscillating

A

swinging back and forth between sleep promoting and sleep preventing processes

25
due to the circadian processes
sometimes its very difficult to fall asleep
26
circadian process regulates the
timing of sleep and results in the 24 hour rhythm
27
without cycle/ circadian process we might
sleep for instances of 3 hours within every 8 hours
28
biological basis of process c
body clock located in the SCN - modulation of circadian rhythms of more than 100 body functions
29
role of the SCN experiment
hamsters - normal SCN (24 hour rhythm) or damaged SCN. | donor hamster - 22 hours
30
role of zeitgeists for circadian rhythms
body clock of SCN is only approximately 24 hours
31
entrainment
Zeitgeber entrain the clock - sets the clock according to the 24 hour rhythm od the outside world
32
Zeitgeber supports the process of
synchronisation of the peripheral bodily clocks
33
exogenous zeitigeres
external cues light , timing, intensity , physical activity
34
light helps regulate
internal biological clocks - resets the clock
35
SCN contains
receptors that are sensitive to light
36
melanopsin protein is
sensitive to light - carries signal to the SCN to set the 24 hour daily body cycle