free will and determinism Flashcards
free will
the idea that we have the chance to behave in that way - personal responsibility
determinism
behaviour is controlled by external or internal factors
all behaviour is determined and thus predictable
compatabilism
soft determinism- both supporting free will and determinism
libertarianism
not caused deterministically
hard determinism
no free will
hard indeterminism
nothing is predetermined but still no free will
standard objections to free will
determinism objection and randomness objection
determinism objection
determinism is true
our actions are pre determined- no free will
randomness objection
chance exists - we lack control
hard indeterminism
libet study
shows us that we are pre determined
what reduces free will
cognitive biases
cognitive baises
bandwagon effect
confirmation bias
impact bias
bandwagon effect
tendency to do or believe things many other people do the same
confirmation bias
the tendency to only look for recognise and remember information consistent with your prior beliefs
impact bias
the tendency to overestimate the length of the intensity of a feeling
evolutionary theory
a unit of selection adopted to survive and reproduce
behaviourism
a collection of stimulus - response pairs
social psychology
a collection of beliefs about yourself
cognitive dissonance
Leon festinger
situation involving conflicting attitudes = discomfort - alteration in one of the attitudes to restore balance
free will - philosophical view
capacity to choose among alternatives based on coherent self preferences
choices
satisfies the Hobbesian principle of alternative possibilities - organism is only responsible for its actions if it could have done otherwise
coherence
satisfies the need that there is someone doing the deciding - exclusive to the individual
