empathy Flashcards

1
Q

empathy

A

ability to understand and share the feelings of another

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2
Q

historical context

A

baron - its subjective , intangible and hypothetical

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3
Q

main theoretical frameworks

A

theory theory - using intuitive theories about others to infer internal states - based on simple observation

simulation theory - imagine+ infer from own experience

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4
Q

knowing someone else internal state

A

element of cognition - cognitive empathy - estranger

confidence in interpretation depends on the connection to the other

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5
Q

adopting posture / matching neural response

A

other terminology - facial empathy/ motor mimicry

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6
Q

feeling as someone else feels

A

similarity but not identical - shared physiology

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7
Q

intuition / projection into another situation

A

aesthetic empathy - counter to theory theory

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8
Q

imagining how another thinks or feels

A

specific form on perspective taking- stotland

relates to knowledge of / experience with the other

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9
Q

imagining yourself in another place

A

Piaget - perspective taking

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10
Q

feeling distress at another suffering

A

distressed by the others suffering

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11
Q

feeling for another distress

A

distressed for the other

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12
Q

genuine imitation

A

automatic component of social interaction eg yawning , nodding

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13
Q

Meltzoff and Moore

A

Neonate facial movement interaction

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14
Q

Imitation is about

A

Detecting people’s intentions

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15
Q

Mirror system as a

A

Bridge to empathy
Neural Bridge between self and other
Highly interconnected with other areas of the brain

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16
Q

Carr et al

A

Fmri study of facial expression - activation of limbo system and parietal nobe

17
Q

Correlation of self report empathy and

A

Mirror system activation levels

18
Q

Perception action model of empathy

A

Preston and de waal 2002

19
Q

Perception action model is

A

Representation is mimicked not the action/ activity

20
Q

Consequences can be

A

Cognitive
Affective
Behaviours

21
Q

Benefits of imitation

A

Strong levels of imitation show higher levels of rapport- relationships
Empathy
Social independent self concept
Affiliation goals

22
Q

Methodological issues

A

Difficult to measure indirect behaviour

Subjective

23
Q

Emotional contagion

A

Hatfield er al

Elicits psychophysiological/ behavioural/ social responses

24
Q

Example of emotional contagion

A

Once a baby starts crying other babies cry

Shouting fire then everyone is scared

25
Facial feedback hypothesis
Darwin g
26
What is facial feedback
Free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies at
27
Perspective taking
Inferring mental states
28
Temporal poles
Activation in language or Semantic memory tasks
29
Medial prefrontal cortex
Complex Functioning | Activation in all mentalisjng tasks social and cognition
30
Temporal parietal junctio.
Mentalising tasks , biological motion and observable actions
31
What happens when empathy is impaired asd
Autistic spectrum disorder Impact on social interaction Restricted activities
32
Empathy impaired psychopathy
Psychopathy personality trait Lack of anxiety Socially adept Absence of empathy
33
Empathy impaired
Anthropomorphism | Idea of attributing human characteristics to animals objects or concepts