empathy

Question 1

empathy

Answer 1

ability to understand and share the feelings of another

Question 2

historical context

Answer 2

baron - its subjective , intangible and hypothetical

Question 3

main theoretical frameworks

Answer 3

theory theory - using intuitive theories about others to infer internal states - based on simple observation

simulation theory - imagine+ infer from own experience

Question 4

knowing someone else internal state

Answer 4

element of cognition - cognitive empathy - estranger

confidence in interpretation depends on the connection to the other

Question 5

adopting posture / matching neural response

Answer 5

other terminology - facial empathy/ motor mimicry

Question 6

feeling as someone else feels

Answer 6

similarity but not identical - shared physiology

Question 7

intuition / projection into another situation

Answer 7

aesthetic empathy - counter to theory theory

Question 8

imagining how another thinks or feels

Answer 8

specific form on perspective taking- stotland

relates to knowledge of / experience with the other

Question 9

imagining yourself in another place

Answer 9

Piaget - perspective taking

Question 10

feeling distress at another suffering

Answer 10

distressed by the others suffering

Question 11

feeling for another distress

Answer 11

distressed for the other

Question 12

genuine imitation

Answer 12

automatic component of social interaction eg yawning , nodding

Question 13

Meltzoff and Moore

Answer 13

Neonate facial movement interaction

Question 14

Imitation is about

Answer 14

Detecting people’s intentions

Question 15

Mirror system as a

Answer 15

Bridge to empathy
Neural Bridge between self and other
Highly interconnected with other areas of the brain

Question 16

Carr et al

Answer 16

Fmri study of facial expression - activation of limbo system and parietal nobe

Question 17

Correlation of self report empathy and

Answer 17

Mirror system activation levels

Question 18

Perception action model of empathy

Answer 18

Preston and de waal 2002

Question 19

Perception action model is

Answer 19

Representation is mimicked not the action/ activity

Question 20

Consequences can be

Answer 20

Cognitive
Affective
Behaviours

Question 21

Benefits of imitation

Answer 21

Strong levels of imitation show higher levels of rapport- relationships
Empathy
Social independent self concept
Affiliation goals

Question 22

Methodological issues

Answer 22

Difficult to measure indirect behaviour

Subjective

Question 23

Emotional contagion

Answer 23

Hatfield er al

Elicits psychophysiological/ behavioural/ social responses

Question 24

Example of emotional contagion

Answer 24

Once a baby starts crying other babies cry

Shouting fire then everyone is scared

Question 25

Facial feedback hypothesis

Answer 25

Darwin g

Question 26

What is facial feedback

Answer 26

Free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies at

Question 27

Perspective taking

Answer 27

Inferring mental states

Question 28

Temporal poles

Answer 28

Activation in language or Semantic memory tasks

Question 29

Medial prefrontal cortex

Answer 29

Complex Functioning

Activation in all mentalisjng tasks social and cognition

Question 30

Temporal parietal junctio.

Answer 30

Mentalising tasks , biological motion and observable actions

Question 31

What happens when empathy is impaired asd

Answer 31

Autistic spectrum disorder
Impact on social interaction
Restricted activities

Question 32

Empathy impaired psychopathy

Answer 32

Psychopathy personality trait
Lack of anxiety
Socially adept
Absence of empathy

Question 33

Empathy impaired

Answer 33

Anthropomorphism

Idea of attributing human characteristics to animals objects or concepts