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US History 1 > Slavery > Flashcards

Slavery Flashcards

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1
Q

King cotton

A

First half of 1800s in south

Most plantations grew cotton

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2
Q

By 1820, how many pounds of cotton? 1850?

A

160 mil

A billion

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3
Q

1860: cotton made up how much of American exports?

A

2/3

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4
Q

Where was the cotton belt?

A

Economies relied almost completely on cotton from South Carolina to Texas

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5
Q

Why was farming the southern economy?

A

Geography perfect for it

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6
Q

What did VA and NC grow?

A

Tobacco

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7
Q

What did SC grow?

A

Sugar and rice

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8
Q

What did KY produce?

A

Horses

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9
Q

How many families owned plantations?

A

15000

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10
Q

What fraction of spaces lived in big plantations with at least 50 slaves?

A

1/4

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11
Q

How did Southern cities develop? Examples.

A

Gradually. New Orleans, Charleston, Richmond

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12
Q

Most free Africans lived in Southern…

A

Towns or cities

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13
Q

By ___ all northern states had passed laws ending slavery

A

1804

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14
Q

Congress wasn’t allowed to ban slavery until…

A

1808

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15
Q

Describe Vessey’s plan

A

Denmark Vessey was a carpenter and preacher who fought his own freedom. In 1822, planned to seize Charleston with hundreds of slaves. But his followers betrayed him and he and 34 others were hanged and 42 were expelled from SC

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16
Q

Describe Turner’s rebellion

A

Nat Turner was a preacher. In August 1831, he led 70 slaves on raids of white farms in VA, massacring the white people. In response to his killing of >50, VA hanged 20 slaves, and whites killed 120 random Africans and tightened the slave code.

17
Q

What is the abolitionist movement?

A

Started by free Africans and whites, it was a movement to end slavery that gained momentum in the 1830s

18
Q

Who is Benjamin Lundy?

A
  • abolitionist Quaker
  • started an antislavery newspaper in Ohio called “The Genius of Universal Emancipation” in 1821
  • end us slave trade, gradual abolition
19
Q

Colonization

A

Program to send free Africans and emancipated slaves back to Africa. 1817- start of American Colonization Society. Established Liberia in 1822 to send them to. Jehudi Ashmun. Rid US of blacks instead of equality

20
Q

William Lloyd Garrison

A

Radical abolitionist and white Bostonian. Founded The Liberator and the American Antislavery Society

21
Q

Frederick Douglass

A

Leader, speaker, writer, former slave. Illegally learned to read, survived a slave breaker, then escaped to MA in 1838. Worked with AASS after giving an amazing impromptu speech at a convention. Life and Times of… And the North Star

22
Q

Id Three divisions in abolitionist movement

A

Gender
Race
Tactics

23
Q

What was the division in abolition over gender?

A

Should women speak up about it if they can’t vote on it?

24
Q

What was the division in abolition over race?

A

Blacks believed in more urgent and radical abolition

25
Q

What was the division in abolition over tactics?

A

Garrison said that the Constitution supported slavery, so people should fight at the state level. Some disagreed.

26
Q

What did Sarah Grimke write?

A

Epistle to the Clergy of Southern states

27
Q

What did Angelina Grimke write?

A

An Appeal to Christian Women of the South: enlisting women

28
Q

Sojourner Truth

A

Freed in 1827
Abolitionist and women’s rights activist
Traveled extensively as a lecturer
Wrote the Narrative of…

29
Q

Martin Delany

A

One of the first Africans to graduate from Harvard med. founded newspaper “The Mystery,” criticized white abolitionists, supported colonization

30
Q

How did the Underground Railroad get its name?

A

Underground: secret
Railroad: path on foot or by wagon

31
Q

Underground Railroad

A

Network of escape routes and safe stops to escape to freedom led by conductors or guides.

32
Q

Three UR routes

A

West- MS River
East- swamps by coast
Mountains- Appalachians
Center of railroad was Ohio area

33
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

Most famous conductor
Black Moses
Rescued 300 slaves

34
Q

Elijah p lovejoy

A

Edited St. Louis observer
Called for grad emancipation
Nov 7 1837: rioters attacked his building and shot and killed him

35
Q

Attack on Garrison

A

1835 Garrison was captured and paraded around Boston with a rope around his neck

36
Q

Gag rule

A

South postmasters refused to deliver abolitionist lit
1836 Southerners passed gag rule that prohibited antislavery petitions from being read or acted upon by the house for the next 8 years

US History 1 (16 decks)

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