Mid Year Flashcards
What are the Articles of Confederation?
Loose alliance of the 13 states in 1781 Adopted by the Continental Congress First national constitution One branch 9/13 states needed to pass a law
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Weak national govt Congress couldn't tax No common currency Now executive or judicial branch Only 1 vote per state, no matter the population
What were the Bill of Rights? (General)
First 10 amendments
Antifederalists felt it was needed to ensure rights
Amendment 1
Freedom of: Religion Speech Press Assembly Petition
Amendment 2
Right to bear arms
Amendment 3
Protection from quartering
Govt can’t put troops in citizens’ homes
Amendment 4
Protection from unreasonable search and seizure
Amendment 5
Rights in a criminal trial
Grand jury, due process, etc
Amendment 6
Swift and fair trial
Amendment 7
Jury trial in civil cases
Amendment 8
Protection from cruel and unusual punishment
Amendment 9
Rights beyond those listed
Amendment 10
All power not given to the federal govt is the states’ and citizens’
What were the Federalist Papers?
85 newspaper essays supporting the Constitution.
John Jay got sick after writing five. James Madison wrote 29. Hamilton wrote the other 51!!!
Who were the Antifederalists?
Opponents of ratification of the Constitution because they felt it weakened the states. Needed a Bill of Rights. Worried the President was like a king. Patrick Henry, George Mason
Who were the Federalists?
Supporters of Constitution, favored strong govt. Madison, Hamilton, Jay
Constitutional Government
A government whose power is set up by a constitution
Presidential powers
Commander of chief Signs or vetoes legislation Choose Supreme Court judges Selects Cabinet Negotiates with other countries
Popular sovereignty
The people chose to be governed and and the government get its power from the people.
Separation of powers
Each branch has its own area of authority, but not complete power over the govt. Checks and balances. Legislative makes the laws. Executive carries out the laws. Judicial interprets the law.
Limited power
The government’s power is limited by the laws set and the Constitution
Lewis and Clark Expedition (general and dates)
Congress financed President Jefferson’s idea to send Meriweather Lewis and William Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory. Hired interpreters Sacajawea and husband. Spring 1804-September 1806.
Goals of the Lewis and Clark expedition
Discover river routes to Pacific, Native Americans, and natural resources.
Why did Madison ask Congress to declare war?
Impressment
British harassed US trade
British encouraged native warfare
War of 1812
Natives mainly sided with Brits
US had small army and navy, outnumbered 20 to 1
US planned to quickly invade and strike Canada, but Britain came south and blockaded the coast
Land victories of the War of 1812
Harrison defeated the Brits/natives/Tecumseh at the Battle of Thames
Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek and forced them to sign Treaty of Fort Jackson to give up land in AL and southern GA
War of 1812- Naval
US Constitution (Old Ironsides), the Wasp, the United States
Master Commandant Oliver Hazard Perry defeated Brits on Lake Erie
Treaty of Ghent
December 24, 1814
Ended War of 1812
Reps met in Belgium
Restored old territory boundaries, didn’t resolve problems that started war