Expansion And Its Consequences

Question 1

Union

Answer 1

The unified nation

1861: Civil War broke out between north and south, determined whether the union would survive

Question 2

North vs. south

Answer 2

Slavery

North was more urban, industrialized, twice the population
Railroads transformed shipping, telegraphs transformed communication in North.
South tried to catch up, but mostly used waterways

Question 3

What percent of railroad tracks were in the North?

Answer 3

70%

Question 4

Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written by:

Answer 4

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Question 5

Uncle Tom’s Cabin story

Answer 5

Pre civil war south
Eliza Harris: slave escapes KY plantation with baby with help from the Underground Railroad
Uncle Tom: kind slave is sold down the river and beaten to death
Eva: angelic but ill daughter of a New Orleans plantation owner
Simon Legree: Tom’s master is an unmarried, antichristian, alcoholic bully
Includes powerful scene where N women influence husbands to save slaves

Question 6

Effects of Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Answer 6

Powerful statement about slavery
Many northerners thought that slavery would ruin US
South thought book was insulting lies. Claimed that plantations were big happy families that cared for slaves more than Northern factory owners cared for workers.
Stowe received the ear of a disobedient slave in the mail

Question 7

What is a Tom show?

Answer 7

Minstrel entertainment used by blacks to portray Uncle Tom as a lackey to whites
Or by whites in black face to perpetuate stereotypes

Question 8

Cannibals All!

Answer 8

1857
George Fitzhugh
Attacked Northern industrialists’ hypocrisy and treatment of workers
Used as a rebuttal to Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Question 9

Samuel F. B. Morse

Answer 9

Created telegraph in 1844
Sent messages by electric pulses (morse code)
Magnified differences between N and S because communication advanced more in N as telegraph wires were strung along the tracks while the S only dominated in cotton and slavery.

Question 10

Manifest Destiny

Answer 10

Migration west surged in 1830s and 40s
Phrase coined by NY journalist John L. O’Sullivan
Nation’s undeniable fate to spread from coast to coast and possess whole continent
Greatest motivator=greed

Question 11

To annex

Answer 11

To join (the states)

Question 12

__ won independence from ______ in #### and did what?

Answer 12

Texas
Mexico
1836
Voted to be annexed

Question 13

North vs South

Annexing Texas

Answer 13

South and Democrats in favor: another slave state
North and Whigs opposed: feared more powerful South
Many across all states feared war with Mexico

Question 14

What was Mexico’s response to Texas’s desire to be annexed?

Answer 14

Santa Anna promised war

Question 15

President (who) annexed TX in (what year), but the Senate defeated the treaty.

Answer 15

John Tyler

1844

Question 16

President (who) asked Congress to approve the treaty making TX the (which number) state.

Answer 16

James Polk

28th

Question 17

Mexico’s response to the annexation of TX

Answer 17

Broke off relations with US

Tense relationship as neighbors

Question 18

Where was the south border of Texas?

Answer 18

US said Rio Grande

Mexico said Nueces River

Question 19

John Slidell

Answer 19

Ambassador sent by Polk to buy NM and CA for $30 million. Mexico refused.

Question 20

The last straw: what happened shortly before war was declared?

Answer 20

Polk sent General Zachary Taylor and 3000 men to patrol border, a short fight broke out killing some, Congress declared war.

Question 21

Cause of the Mexican War

Answer 21

Border dispute, a first for the Americans compared to wars over independence, foreign affairs, etc.

Question 22

Battles of the Mexican War

Answer 22

1. Bear Flag Revolt
2. Kearney and Fremont
3. Battle of Buena Vista

Question 23

General Stephen Kearney and John Fremont

Answer 23

Captured Santa Fe, then traveled down Rio Grande and to CA

1846

Question 24

Bear Flag Revolt

Answer 24

1846
William B Ide
Attacked Sonoma
Proclaimed it Republic of CA
had a flag with a bear and star

Question 25

Battle of Buena Vista

Answer 25

February 1847
General Zachary Taylor defeated Santa Anna
Santa Anna claimed victory though and fled to Mexico City
General Winfield Scott finally defeated Santa Anna and captured the city

Question 26

What ended the Mexican War and what were the terms?

Answer 26

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

1. Mexico gave up TX; Rio Grande is border
2. Mexico gave up NM and CA
3. US paid Mexico $15 mil
4. US paid $3 mil to claims made by Americans against Mexico

Question 27

Gadsden Purchase

Answer 27

1853
Mexico sold part of NM and AZ to the US for $10 mil
Benefitted US: allowed route for Southern Transcontinental Railroad
Established modern boundaries

Question 28

Mexican War brought what to the forefront of politics?

Answer 28

Slavery

Allowed or not in new territories?

Question 29

Wilmot Provisio

Answer 29

1846: bill came before Congress to provide funds for negotiating with Mexico. PA democrat David Wilmot attached an amendment to bill.
The Wilmot Provisio proposed the banning of slavery in NM and CA
-Congress didn’t pass amendment
-North continued to attach it to bills about new territories
- revealed N/S conflict over slavery

Question 30

Who painted American Progress?

Answer 30

John Gast