Skull Flashcards
What are the paired bones of the cranium?
Parietal
Temporal
What are the unpaired cranial bones?
Frontal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
What are the paired facial bones?
Zygomatic Lacrimal Nasal Palatine Maxillae Inferior nasal conchae
What are the unpaired facial bones?
Vomer
Mandible
Where is the bregma?
Intersection pt of coronal suture and sagittal suture
Where is the lambda?
Intersection pt b/w sagittal and lamboid sutures
What is the pterion? Clinically significant bc?
Intersection pt. Of frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones
Weakest point, and middle meningeal a. Runs below
Where is the asterion?
Intersection pt. B/w squamous and lambdoid sutures
Where does the falx cerebri attach?
What does the falx cerebri do?
Frontal crest of frontal bone
Crista galli of ethmoid bone
Protective Ct for brain; separates 2 hemispheres
What is the metopic suture?
Divides frontal bone in half, usually not there past embryo
What attaches to the mastoid process of the temporal bone?
SCm
What is the function of the petrous portion of the temporal bone?
Protects inner ear
The groove for what sinus can be found on the temporal bone?
Groove for the Sigmoid sinus
What articulates with cervical vertebrae when nodding “yes”?
occipital condyles
What grooves for sinuses can be found on the occipital bone?
Groove for
Sigmoid sinus
Transverse
Superior sagittal
What makes the TMJ?
Made by condylar process articular w/ the mandibular fossa of temporal bone
What bone are the superior and middle concha from?
Ethmoid bone
What 7 bones make up the eye orbit?
Frontal (zygomatic process)
Sphenoid (greater and lesser wing) (lesser is roof, greater is lateral wall)
Maxilla (frontal process and perpendicular plate)
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone (lateral mass)
Zygomatic bone (orbital surface)
palatine (perpendicular plate)
What bones make up the nasal cavity?
Vomer (vertical plate)
palatin (perpendicular plate and horiz. Plate)
Nasal bone
Lacrimal bone (provides passageway for nasolacrimal duct)
Inferior nasal concha
Maxillary bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone (super. And middle nasal concha, crista galli, cribriform plate)
Palatine process of maxilla
What unites the cranial and facial bones?
Sphenoid
Where does the pituitary gland sit?
Sella turcica, specifically the hypophyseal fossa
Where would you find the lateral and medial pterygoid plate?
Sphenoid bone
What makes up the superior orbital fissure?
Space between greater and lesser wing of sphenoid bone
What are the fontanelles of the neonate?
Anterior, sphenoid, mastoid, posterior fontanelles
What is a Le Fort 1 fracture?
Fix thru floor of maxilla and takes it posteriorly
What is a Le Fort II fx?
Zygomatic/maxillary suture fracture
Pyramidal fracture
Takes off part of orbit
What is a Le Fort III Fx?
Takes off zygomatic bone and more of orbit
Horizontal fx of maxillary
How do you get surgical acces to cranial cavity?
Perform craniotomy - section of neurocranium (Bone flap) is elevated or removed
Healing is best when flap incorporates overlaying tissues bc msucles have lots of blood supply compared to the poor osteogenic properties of the periosteum
How is the mandible united in a neonate?
How is union effected?
By a cartilaginous joint called the mandibular symphysis
Union b/w halves is effected by means of fibrocartilage
