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Neuro > Pterygopalatine Fossa And Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa And Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What bones form the nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoid bone (crista galli, cribriform plate, perpendicular plate)

palatine bone

Maxilla (palatine process, alveolar margin)

Vomer

Nasal bone

Frontal bone (frontal sinus)

Sphenoid bone (Sella turcica, sphenoid sinus)

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2
Q

What are the meatuses of the nasal cavity?

A

Under each concha

Superior, middle and inferior meatuses

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3
Q

What bone is the inferior meatus in?

A

Maxilla

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4
Q

What bone makes the superior and middle nasal concha?

A

Ethmoid bone

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5
Q

What is the role of the conchae?

A

Increase surface area within the nasal cavity

Have roles w/ warming and cooling air

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6
Q

What is the nasal cavity lined with? What is it connected to?

A

Nasal mucosa

Connected to periosteum of nasal cavity
Perichondrium of cartilaginous nasal components

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7
Q

What is the passage associated with:

Sphenoid ethmoidal recess

A

Sphenoid sinus

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8
Q

What is the passage associated with:

Superior nasal meatus

A

ethmoidal sinuses

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9
Q

What is the passage associated with:

Middle nasal meatus

A

Frontal sinus

Maxillary sinus (opens at posterior part of semilunar hiatus at maxillary ostium)

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10
Q

What is the passage associated with:

Inferior nasal meatus?

A

Nasolacrimal duct

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11
Q

What arteries constitute Kiesselbach area?

A

Sphenopalatine
Ethmoidal as.
Greater palatine a.
Superior labial a.

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12
Q

What is the venous drainage to the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine v.
Facial v.
Ophthalmic v.

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13
Q

What is the largest paranasal sinus?

A

Maxillary

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14
Q

Where does the maxillary sinus drain to?

A

Maxillary optimum into middle meatus

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15
Q

What is the supply for maxillary sinus?

A

Superior alv. Branches of great palatine a.

Greater palatine a.

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16
Q

What innervates the maxillary sinus?

A

Superior alveolar n. (V1)

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17
Q

Where is the ethmoid sinus?

A

Air cells b/w orbits

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18
Q

What does the ethmoid sinus drain into?

A

Anterior and middle: to middle meatus

Posterior: superior meatus

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19
Q

What supplies the ethmoid sinus?

A

Ethmoidal As.

20
Q

What innervates the ethmoid sinus?

A

Nasociliary ns. (From CN v1)

21
Q

Where is the sphenoid sinus located?

A

On either side of bony part of nasal septum

22
Q

Where does the sphenoid sinus drain to?

A

Spheno-ethmoidal recess

23
Q

What is the blood supply to the sphenoid sinus?

A

Posterior ethmoidal a.

24
Q

What innervates the sphenoid sinus?

A

Posterior ethmoidal n. (CN V2)

25
Q

Where is the frontal sinus located?

A

Between out and inner tables of frontal bone

26
Q

Where does the frontal sinus drain to?

A

Frontonasal duct

Into semilunar hiatus of middle meatus

27
Q

What innervates the frontal sinus?

A

Supraorbital Ns. (CN V1)

28
Q

What is the blood supply to the frontal sinus?

A

Supraorbital As.

Anterior ethmoidal A.

29
Q

Where would you find the Pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Inferior to apex of orbit

30
Q

What are the borders to the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Anterior: maxillary tuberosity

Posterior: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid

Medial: perpendicular plate of palatine bone

Roof: greater wing of sphenoid bone

Floor: Pyramidal process of palatine bone

31
Q

What are the opening found int he pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

Pterygomaxillary fissure

Sphenopalatine foramen

Foramen rotundum

Pharyngeal canal

pterygoid (vidian) canal

Foramen lacerum

Pterygopalatine canal

32
Q

What is in the vidian canal?

A

Foramen lacerum

N. To pterygoid canal (greater + deep petrosal n.)

33
Q

What are the contents of the pterygopalatine fossa?***

A

Maxillary N. (V2)
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Maxillary A. (3rd part)

Infraorbital n. 
Zygomatic n. 
V2 (orbital branches etc) 
N. Of pterygoid canal 
Greater palatine
Lesser palatine
34
Q

What does the pterygopalatine ganglion transit?

A

Parasympathetic fibers from CN 7 synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion
To supply the lacrimal gland

(CN 7- greater petrosal n. + deep petrosal n. = n. Of the pterygoid canal, joins with zygomatic branch (V2) and lacrimal n. (V1))

35
Q

What is the location and vasculature associated with the most common cause of epistaxis?

A

Common cause bc of trauma

Bleeding is from area in anterior third of nose- called the Kiesselbach Area

Kiesselbach area houses capillary bed that can bleed profusely

36
Q

What are the arteries in the Kiesselbach area?

A

Ethmoidal As. (Posterior and anterior)
Sphenopalatine A.
Greater Palatine A.
Sup Tal branch of superior labial a.

37
Q

What should be ligated in the case of a chronic epistaxis?

A

Third part of maxillary a.

38
Q

What is the O and I of Tensor Veli Palatini M.?

A

O: medial pterygoid plate, sphenoid spine, pharyngotympanic tube

I: Palatine aponeurosis

39
Q

What is the O and I of the Levator Veli Palatini M.?

A

O: Pharyngotympanic tube, petrous temporal bone

I: Palatine aponeurosis

40
Q

What is the innervation to the tensor veli palatini m.?

A

V3 (medial pterygoid n.)

41
Q

What is the innervation of:

levator Veli palatine m. ?

A

CN 10 (Pharyngeal branch)

42
Q

What is the action of the:

Tensor Veli Palatini M.?

A

Tense soft palate

Open mouth of the pharyngotympanic tube

43
Q

What is the action of the

Levator Veli Palatini M.?

A

Elevate soft palate

44
Q

What happens in the infratemporal fossa?

What happens in the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Infratemporal: V3 breaks up and give off all its branches

Pterygopalatine: V2 breaks up and gives off all of its branches

45
Q

What is rhinitis?

Where could this infection spread?

A

when the nasal mucosa becomes swollen and inflamed during severe upper respiratory infections and allergic reactions

Anterior cranial fossa thru the cribriform plate
Nasopharynx and retropharyngeal soft tissue
Middle ear thru the Pharyngotympanic tube
Paranasal sinuses
Lacrimal apparatus and conjunctiva

Neuro (18 decks)

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