Scalp And Superficial Face Flashcards
What CN closes the eye?
Facial N.
Facial N.
Facial N.
What will the parotid duct dive into?
Buccinator M.
What nerve and vasculature goes thru parotid gland?
Retromandibular v.
External carotid a.
Facial n.
What innervates the parotid gland?
CN 9 via lesser petrosal n.
Traveling on auriculotemporal n. (V3)
Synapsing in otic ganglion
How does the facial nerve exit the skull and then the face?
Internal acoustic meatus
Stylomastoid foramen
What does the facial n. Provide motor innervation to?
Muscles of facial expression
Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical branches
What does the sensory roots of facial n. Do?
Taste to ant. 2/3 of tongue via Chorda tympani
Lacrimal, nasal, submandibular, and sublingual glands
What is the pathway of the facial n. ?
Thru internal meatus
To geniculate ganglion
From here greater petrosal goes to lacrimal gland
To facial canal
Stapedius branch goes off
Chorda tympani branch goes off
Then out of stylomastoid foramen
Facial n. To muscles of facial expression, Platysma, post. Belly of digastric, etc.
What are the branches of V1?
Supraorbital Supratrochlear Lacrimal n. Infratrochlear n. Anterior ethmoidal n.
What are the branches of V2?
Infraorbital n.
Zygomaticofacial
Zygomaticotemporal
What are the branches of the V3?
Inferior alveolar n. —> mental n.
Buccal
Auriculotemporal
What are the major muscles of facial expression?
Occipitofrontalis M. Orbicularis oculi Orbicularis iris Buccinator Depressor annuli iris Levator labii superioris
What are the actions of occipitofrontalis?
Wrinkles forehead
Innervated bilaterally by facial n.
Action of:
Orbital part of orbicularis oculi?
Help tightly close eye
Action of:
Palpabrae part of orbicularis oculi?
Help gently close eye
Action of:
Lacrimal part of orbicularis oculi?
Open lacrimal sac for tears
Action of:
Orbicularis oris
Sphincter that keeps mouth shut
Action of:
Buccinator
Keeps cheek taut during chewing
Action of:
depressor anguli oris?
Depresses angle of mouth
What are the muscles of mastication?
Innervated by?
Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
CN V3
What are the anastomoses of the face?
L. And R. Superior labial a. L. And R. Inferior labial a. Angular a. And supratrochlear a. Supraorbital and superficial temporal a. Lacrimal a. And middle meningeal a. Sphenopalatine a. And ethmoidal a.
What are the branches of facial a.?
Superior labial
Inferior labial
Lateral nasal
Angular
What does Superifical temporal a. And v. Run iwth?
Auriculotemporal n.
What is the artery you can hear next to your ear when you are trying to sleep/
Superficial temporal a.
What does the deep facial vein connect to and where will that eventually lead?
Pterygoid venous plexus
PVP will go back to cavernous sinus
What are the layers of the scalp?
Skin CT Aponeurosis Loose Ct Pericranium
What is “scalp proper”?
Skin
CT
Aponeurosis
What is contained within the skin of scalp?
Sweat, sebaceous glands, Neurovascular
What is contained w/i CT layer of scalp?
Blood vessels
Nerves
What does the aponeurosis do?
Connects occipitalfrontalis m. To head
What is contained int he pericardium?
Lots of vasculature and nerves
Will hurt hitting bone
Why do cuts to the scalp bleed profusely?
Lots of neurovasculature in the skin and ct.
NV in dense connective tissue of scalp
What types of incisions are made during surgery to preserve the NV found in the dense connective tissue of the scalp?
U-shaped incision
How do you get a gaping wound vs. a non-gaping wound?
Gaping wound: cut scalp thru aponeurosis
Non-gaping: cut only first two layers of skin
Which layer of the scalp would an infection spread thru quickly?
What veins would it lead to and where on from there?
Loose ct of scalp
Emissary vein
Go to dural sinuses
Where do tonsils drain to?
Jugulodigastric deep cervical L.N.s
What is Herpes Zoster?
Latent Chicken pox and shingles
Can go into sensory ganglion
What is shingles?
Deactivation of chicken pox virus
How does herpes zoster manifest?
Affects sensory ganglion like trigeminal so it will follow innervation of N.
V1= bridge of nose and forehead
V2 = medial cheeks and upper lip
V3 = lateral cheeks and lower lips
Can also get it in dorsal root ganglion and affect dermatomes maps of UE
What does the Stapedius m. Do? What innervates it?
Dampens sound
Stapedius branch of facial n. Coming off within facial canal
If you have a lesion of CN 7 at level of IAM, what results?
Bell’s palsy Loss of tear production Increased sound No taste to ant. 2/3 of tongue Submandibular and sublingual glands do not work
If you have a lesion of CN 7 at level of facial canal, what results?
Facial canal is where chorda tympani and Stapedius come off
So after the canal,
Bell’s palsy
No chorda tympani
No innerv. To submandibular or sublingual glands
What is Bell’s palsy? What is its clinical cause and consequence?
Lesion of CN 7 causing ipsilateral paralysis of facial muscles
Cannot close eye
Unable to blin
Cannot tightly close mouth
Cannot blow a kiss, suck on a straw
