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MSK Exam 1 Spring 2015 > Skin Pathology II > Flashcards

Skin Pathology II Flashcards

1
Q

skin tag

A

fibroepithelial polyp

neck, trunk, face, intertriginous zones

benign - middle aged and older individuals

fibrovascular stalk covered in benign epidermis

areas of rubbing**

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2
Q

lesion filled with keratin and lipid and other debris

A

epithelial cyst of wen

subclassified based on cyst wall

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3
Q

epithelial inclusion cyst

A

aka wen, follicular cyst

face, scalp, upper trunk - lots of hair follicles

obstruction of hair follicle
-filled with keratinous debris

lined by granular cell layer**

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4
Q

granular cell layer

A

lines epithelial inclusion cyst

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5
Q

foreign body giant cell rxn

A

with rupture of epithelial inclusion cyst

painful

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6
Q

seborrheic keratosis

A

middle aged older pts
-on trunk

postage stamp**
-proliferation of epidermal basal cells

B9

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7
Q

proliferation of epidermal basal cells

  • looks like postage stamp
  • forms pseudocyst
A

seborrheic keratosis

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8
Q

pseudocyst

A

seborrheic keratosis

keratin filled horn cyst composed of benign basal cells with keratin filled horn - communicate with surface (pseudohorn cyst)

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9
Q

FGFR3

A

mutation of suborrheic keratosis

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10
Q

onset of suborrheic keratosis and GI malignancy

A

leser trelat

tumor elaborating TGF-a

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11
Q

hyperpigmentation of flex regions

A

acanthosis nigricans

epidermal hyperplasia of stratum spinosum

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12
Q

acanthosis nigricans prognosis

A

80% B9 - childhood

20% - underlying malignant adenocarcinoma - middle age and older individuals - GI malignancy

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13
Q

adnexal neoplasms

A

99% benign

from ductal or glandular epithelial cells

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14
Q

B9 adnexal tumors

A

symmetrical
small <1cm
superficial
vertical in orientation

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15
Q

malignant adnexal tumors

A

asymmetrical, large, deep, wide

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16
Q

cowden syndrome

A

multiple tricholemmomas with dominant inheritance

family history**

PTEN mutation

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17
Q

tricho-

A

hair follicle

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18
Q

sebaceous adenoma with associated colorectal malignancy

A

muir torre syndrome

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19
Q

massive confluent cylindroma on forehead

A

turban tumor

inactivation mutations in CYLD tumor suppressor gene

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20
Q

lower eyelid

A

syringoma

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21
Q

forehead and scalp

A

cylindroma

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22
Q

palmar and plantar regions

A

poroma

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23
Q

cylindroma

A

eccrine duct tumor

lined with membranous eosinophilic cuticles

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24
Q

perinasal papules and small nodules

A

trichoepithelioma

buds of basaloid cells that resemble primitive hair follicles

25
Q

anucleate ghost cell

A

with pilomatrixoma

26
Q

red dermal bump

A

hemangioma

27
Q

yellow dermal bump

A

xanthoma

28
Q

tan dermal bump

A

fibrohistiocytic lesion

29
Q

hemangioma

A

can regress over time in children

30
Q

multiple eruptive xanthomas

A

think hypercholesterolemia

31
Q

dermatofibroma

A

benign fibrous histiocytoma

32
Q

firm tan papule on leg of women
-proliferation of benign spindle cells

epidermal hyperplasia with fibroblasts surrounding collagen bundles

A

dermatofibroma

compress in and get fold in middle**

33
Q

increased melanin in keratinocytes, no change number of melanocytes

A

sun tan
freckles
cafe au lait spots
melasma

34
Q

with increased estrogen - lesion on face

A

melasma

-increased melanin in keratinocytes

35
Q

ephelis

A

freckles

36
Q

increased melanin in keratinocytes and slight increased in number of melanocytes

A

solar lentigo

37
Q

loss of melanin in keratinocytes

A

vitiligo - acute

albinism

38
Q

tyrosine kinase deficiency

A

albinism

involved in melanin synthesis

39
Q

loss of melanocyte, permanent

A

chronic vitiligo

40
Q

suntan

A

increased melanin in keratinocytes

reversible

increased protection against solar radiation (UVB)

UVB - increases melanosome production

chronic - skin aging

41
Q

mask of pregnancy

A

melasma
aka chloasma

hypermelanosis characterized by sharply demarcated blotchy brown macules on face

cheek and forehead

-pregnancy, women taking oral contraceptives, and menopause

42
Q

hyperpigmented macules on chronically sun exposed skin in adults

A

solar lentigo
-B9

increased melanin in keratinocytes
and variable increase in number of melanocytes**

old people hands brown spotty

43
Q

lentiginous

A

proliferation of melanocytes

44
Q

in situ melanom arising in sum exposed skin of face

A

lentigo maligna

45
Q

permanent loss of melanocytes

A

chronic vitiligo

46
Q

acute transient vitiligo

A

tx people with normally dark pigmented skin with keratinolytic agent
-results are dramatic

47
Q

melanocytic nevi

A

aka nevocellular

acquired moles
-uniform tan brown papule 6mm or less

B9 neoplasm of melanocytes**

mutation in NRAS and BRAF

48
Q

NRAS and BRAF mutations

A

melanocytic nevi

B9

49
Q

melanocytic nevi stages

A

1 junctional - dermoepidermal junction

2 compound - nests or cords of melanocytes into underlying dermis / also in junction

3 dermal - epidermal component lost

4 neurotization - maturation
as enter dermis - mature and become smaller/nonpigmented, resembling neural tissue

melanomas - no maturation**

50
Q

junctional nevus

A

flat

-nevus cells at dermoepidermal junction

51
Q

compound nevus

A

rounded

nevus cells at junction and into dermis

52
Q

intradermal nevus

A

smooth stretched surface on rounded nodule

no nests in dermalepidermal junction**

do not shave biopsy

53
Q

variants of nevocellular nevi

A 
congenital
blue
spindle and epithelioid
halo
dysplastic
54
Q

congenital nevus

A

present at birth
-deep dermal and subQ growth around adnexa, neurovasculature, and blood vessels

large and hairy - risk for melanoma

55
Q

blue nevus

A

flat and blue
completely B9

dermal infiltration, associated fibrosis

highly dendritic

often confused with melanoma

56
Q

spindle and epitheliod cell nevus

A

spitz nevus

fascicular growth

large plump cells with pink blue cytoplasm

fusiform cells

often confused with hemangioma and melanoma

57
Q

halo nevus

A

lymphocytic infiltration around nevus cells

host immune response against nevus cells

58
Q

dysplastic nevus

A

clark nevus

parker for precursor of melanoma

has cytologic atypia**

in intraepidermal nests

MSK Exam 1 Spring 2015 (21 decks)

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