Skin Pathology I

Question 1

skin function

Answer 1

protective covering - non-permeable
tactile interaction
body temp regulation
sexual attraction
immunity - APCs - langerhans epidermal dendritic cells

Question 2

adnexa

Answer 2

pilar unit
eccrine unit
apocrine unit

Question 3

two layers of dermis

Answer 3

papillary and reticular

Question 4

layers of epidermis

Answer 4

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

DEJ - dermal epidermal junction

papillary dermis
reticular dermis

Question 5

horny layer

Answer 5

stratum corneum

Question 6

apocrine glands

Answer 6

deep dermis at junction of reticular dermis and subQ tissue

more in inguinal, axilla, scalp

more eosinophilic cytoplasm

Question 7

melanocytes

Answer 7

supplies pigment to squamous cells

Question 8

desmosomes

Answer 8

intercellular bridges

-tight junctions

Question 9

papillary dermis

Answer 9

finely woven type I collagen parallel to surface

healing second intention

capillaries of superficial plexus - blushing/sunburn

Question 10

basement membrane

Answer 10

defines invasion of cancer

• proteins in blistering
• and other inflammatory conditions

Question 11

superficial vascular plexus

Answer 11

in papillary dermis

Question 12

rete pegs

Answer 12

interlock with dermal papillae

Question 13

pacinian corpuscle

Answer 13

pressure receptor

encapsulated nerve endings

found in deep dermis or hypodermis

Question 14

meissner corpuscles

Answer 14

touch receptor

• confined to dermal papillae
• hands and feet more numerous

Question 15

skin nerve supply

Answer 15

free nerve endings - detect pain and temperature

sympathetic innervation - blood flow and hair movement

Question 16

subQ tissue

Answer 16

hypodermis

adipocytes - lobules
fibroconnective tissue - septae

also - lots of blood vessels - deep plexus

connects reticular dermis with fascia of underlying tissue**

Question 17

lobular paniculitis

Answer 17

pancreatitis

fat in subQ

Question 18

septal paniculitis

Answer 18

erythema nododum

fibrous in subQ

Question 19

function of hypodermis

Answer 19

1 - body temp regulation - vascular and adipose

2 - fat storage

3 - aging

Question 20

skin wrinkling

Answer 20

loss of subQ adipose tissue in hypodermis

Question 21

intrinsic aging

Answer 21

wrinkles

basal layer proliferation and risk of neoplasm

decrease in melanocytes - whitening

decreased langerhans cells

thinning

also decreased hair shaft diameter, decreased # of hair follicles, and redistribution of hair

Question 22

actinic degeneration of reticular dermis collagen

Answer 22

solar elastosis

telangiectasias - dilated vessels close to surface also occurs

Question 23

initial red with sunburn

Answer 23

vasodilation

Question 24

sunburn changes

Answer 24

increased blood flow to dermis

superficial vessels - endothelial swelling

perivenular edema

perivascular inflammatory infiltrate

Question 25

keratinocytes

Answer 25

squamous epithelial cells

Question 26

elevated fluid filled lesion more than 5mm

Answer 26

bulla

Question 27

linear traumatic epidermial disruption

Answer 27

excoriation | -deep scratch

Question 28

thick rogh skin with prominent skin markings

Answer 28

lichenification | -repeated rubbing

Question 29

flat circumscribed area 5mm or more that is colored

Answer 29

patch

Question 30

flat circumscribed area less than 5mm that is colored

Answer 30

macule

Question 31

separation of nail bed

Answer 31

onchyolysis

Question 32

elevated dome shaped lesion <5mm

Answer 32

papule

Question 33

elevated dome shaped lesion >5mm

Answer 33

nodule

Question 34

elevated flat top lesion >5mm

Answer 34

plaque

Question 35

discrete, pus-filled raised lesion

Answer 35

pustule

Question 36

dry, horny, platelike excrescence | -result of imperfect cornification

Answer 36

scale

Question 37

fluid filled raised lesion

Answer 37

bilster

Question 38

fluid filled lesion >5mm

Answer 38

bulla

Question 39

flui filled lesion >5mm

Answer 39

vesicle

Question 40

itchy, transient, elevated lesion with variable blanching and erythema formed as result of dermal edema

Answer 40

wheal

Question 41

loss of intercellular cohesion between keratinocytes

Answer 41

acantholysis

Question 42

diffuse epidermal hyperplasia

Answer 42

acanthosis

Question 43

abnormal, premature keratinization within cells below stratum granulosum

Answer 43

dyskeratosis

Question 44

loss of epidermis

Answer 44

erosion

Question 45

epidermal inflammatory cells

Answer 45

exocytosis

Question 46

intracellular keratinocyte edema

Answer 46

hydropic swelling - ballooning often with viral infections

Question 47

Stratum granulosum hyperplasia, usually due to rubbing

Answer 47

hypergranulosis

Question 48

Stratum corneum thickening, often with aberrant keratinization

Answer 48

hyperkeratosis

Question 49

linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer

Answer 49

lentiginous

Question 50

surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papilla

Answer 50

papillomatosis

Question 51

keratinization with retained nuclei in stratum corneum

Answer 51

parakeratosis normal in mucous membranes

Question 52

intercellular edema of epidermis

Answer 52

spongiosis

Question 53

discontinuity of skin showing complete loss of epidermis revealing dermis and subQ

Answer 53

ulceration

Question 54

formation of vacuoles with or adjacent to cells

Answer 54

vacuolization