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MSK Exam 1 Spring 2015 > Joint and Soft Tissue Pathology I > Flashcards

Joint and Soft Tissue Pathology I Flashcards

1
Q

osteoarthritis

A

defective repair

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2
Q

osteoarthritis clinical

A

sx in 50yo

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3
Q

younger person with osteoarthritis

A

look for underlying cause**

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4
Q

heberden nodes

A

osteophytes at distal interphalangeal joint - common in women

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5
Q

DIP

A

osteoarthritis

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6
Q

PIP

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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7
Q

scope knee - see granulation tissue, red/ragged, bloody

A

osteoarthritis

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8
Q

ulnar deviation and PIP joint swelling

A

rheumatoid arthritis - autoimmun

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9
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

CD4 T cells autoimmune response

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10
Q

tx of RA

A

TNF antagonist

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11
Q

fibrous ankylosis

A

RA over time - cartilage destroyed and pannus bridges to opposing bone
can fusion - bony ankylosis if ossifies**

tell patient to stretch to avoid this

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12
Q

pannus

A

mass of edematous synovium in RA

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13
Q

rheumatoid subQ nodules

A

common cutaneous lesion with RA

resemble necrotizing granulomas

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14
Q

Rh factor

A

with RA

-increased risk for vasculitis

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15
Q

if see granuloma

A

need to acid fast stain

-to rule out TB

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16
Q

diagnosis of RA

A

Xray findings
sterile cloudy synovial fluid that is liquidy
Rh factor and anti-CCP Ab

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17
Q

anti-CCP Ab

A

screening test for RA

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18
Q

juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

unknown cause

arthritis before age 16 for 6 weeks

more in large joints

often ANA seropositive

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19
Q

ANA test

A

positive in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

20
Q

seronegative spondyloarthropathies

A

pathologic change of ligament attachments

with HLA-B27

21
Q

HLA B27

A

ankylosing spondylitis

22
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

can lead to SI and vertebral fusion

23
Q

30-40yo with lower back pain and spinal immobility

A

ankylosing spondylitis

24
Q

reactive arthritis

A

reiter syndrome

association with HLA-B27 and ankylosing spondylitis

25
Q

can’t see, can’t pee, can’t climb a tree

A

reiter syndrome - reactive arthritis

triad of arthritis, urethritis, conjunctivitis

26
Q

enteritis associated arthritis

A

associated with GI infection
-yersinia, salmonella, shigella, campylobacter

knees and ankles
wrists fingers toes

underlying disease- crohns

27
Q

pencil in cup on Xray

A

psoriatic arthritis

involves DIPs in asymmetric distribution

28
Q

infectious arthritis

A

heme spread

sudden development of acute painful swollen joint that has restricted ROM

fever, leukocytosis, elevated sed rate

commonly knee

29
Q

diagnosis of infectious arthritis

A

joint aspiration

ID of causative agent

30
Q

gram negative diplococci bacterial arthritis

A

sailor returns home

neisseria gonorrhea

31
Q

lyme arthritis

A

borrelia burgdorferi - deer tick - ixodes ricinus

late stage - develop arthritis

32
Q

diagnosis of lyme arthritis

A

serologic test for anti-borrelia Abs

33
Q

gout

A

crystals of monosodium urate

34
Q

pseudogout

A

crystals of basic calcium phosphate

35
Q

majority of gour

A

90% primary - idiopathic

36
Q

HGPRT deficiency

A

can cause gout

-involved in DNA salvage pathway

37
Q

hyperuricemia

A

above 7-8mg/dL

-precipitate out of solution

38
Q

gout clinical

A

usually appear 20-30yo

genetic predisposition - X-linked issue with GHPRT

39
Q

URAT1 and GLUT9

A

gout

40
Q

lifestyle promoting gout

A

alcohol
obesity
drugs
lead toxicity

41
Q

stages of gout

A

acute arhritis

chronic tophaceous gout

42
Q

chronic tophaceous gout

A

after 12 years

-juxtarticular bone erosion - loss of joint space - severe crippling disease can occur

43
Q

pseudogout clinical

A

calcium pyrophosphate crystals

age 50yo

85yo - 30-60%

44
Q

coffin lids

A

calcium pyrophosphate - pseudogout

45
Q

YIPA

A

yellow in parallel

  • axis is parallel gives yellow
  • axis not parallel gives blue

for gout**

46
Q

BIPA

A

blue in parallel

  • axis in parallel gives blue
  • axis not parallel gives yellow

for pseudogout

MSK Exam 1 Spring 2015 (21 decks)

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