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NURS252 > Skin, Hair, and Nails > Flashcards

Skin, Hair, and Nails Flashcards

1
Q

crust example

A

impetigo, weeping eczemstous dermatitis, scab after abrasion

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1
Q

fissure

A

linear crack with abrupt edges, extending into dermis; dry or moist

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1
Q

fissure examples

A

cheiolosis (corners of the mouth;result of excess mositer), athletes foot

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2
Q

excoriation

A

self inflicted abrasion, superfical; sometimes crusted
- caused by scratching

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3
Q

excoriation example

A

scratching insect bites, scabies, dermatitis, varicella

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4
Q

lichenification

A

thickening of the skin with production of tightly packed sets of papules; caused by prolonged intense scratching

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5
Q

keloid

A

hypertonic scar
- elevation of the resulting skin level by excess scar tissue

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6
Q

keloids are more present in individuals

A

of african american descent

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7
Q

seborrhea

A

oily

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8
Q

xerosis

A

dry

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9
Q

subjective data acronymm

A

SAMPLE
-symptom assesment
- allergies
- medications
- past history
- last visit to health professional
- evaluation of fucntional assesment

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10
Q

pruritis

A

itching

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11
Q

pallor

A

red pink tones from oxygenation in the blood; skin is white

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12
Q

jaundice

A

yellow discoloration; indicated rubin in the blood

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13
Q

cyanosis

A

dusty blue; signifies decreased perfusion

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14
Q

erythema

A

intense redness

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15
Q

how to asses tempurature

A

dorsal aspect of the hand

16
Q

0+ edema

A

no pitting edema

17
Q

1+ edema

A
  • mild pitting, no indentation, no perceptible swelling of the leg
  • 2mm depression that disappears rapidly
18
Q

2+ edema

A
  • moderate pitting, indentation subsides rapidly
  • 4mm depression that disappears in 10-15 seconds
19
Q

3+ edema

A
  • deep pitting, indentation remains short time, legs look swollen
  • 6mm depression that lasts more than 1 min
20
Q

4+ edema

A
  • very deep pitting, indentation lasts a long time, leg is very swollen
  • 8mm depression that can last more than 2 minutes
21
Q

how to asses skins mobility and turgor

A
  • grasp/pinch a large fold of skin between thumb and index fingure
  • pull up wand release
  • skin should return
  • use anterior chest for accuracy
22
Q

skins mobility

A

skins ease of rising

23
Q

skin tugor

A

skins ability ro return to place promptly

24
Q

primary lesions

A

direct result of disease process

25
Q

secondary lesions

A

evolves from primary (scratching, trauma, infection, healing process)

26
Q

a braden scale score of 12 or less =

A

high risk

27
Q

what are the 6 components of the braden scale

A
  1. sensory perception
  2. moisture
    3, activity
  3. mobility
  4. nutrition
  5. friction and shear
28
Q

normal capillary refill

A

colour returns in less than 2-3 seconds

29
Q

albinism

A

total absence of pigent melenin throughout the integument

30
Q

vitiligo

A

patchy depigmentation from the destruction of melanocytes

31
Q

hyperemia

A

increased blood flow through engorged arterioles, such as inflammation, fever, alcohol intake, blushing

32
Q

polycythemia

A

increased number of red blood cells
- capillary stasis

33
Q

carotenemia

A

increased serum carotene from ingestion of large amount of carotene rich foods

34
Q

uremia

A
  • in renal failure
  • urochrome pigments contained in the blood
35
Q

cherry anginomas

A

small, smooth, slightly raised bright red dots that commonly appear of the trucks of adults over 30

36
Q

how to asses if moles are benign vs malignant

A

ABCDE
- asymmetry
- border irregularity
- color variation
- diameter
- elevation, enlargement or evolution

37
Q

benign characteristics

A
  • symmetrical
  • even borders
  • one shade
  • smaller than 6cm (1/4 inch)
38
Q

malignant characteristics

A

asymmertical
- uneven border
- two or more shades
- larger than 6cm (1/4 inch)

39
Q

skin cancer prevention

A

self examination
sunscreen

NURS252 (21 decks)

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