Skin AR Flashcards
What are the functions of the skin?
Protection, thermoregulation, sensation, secretion of protective lipids
Which cells in the skin produce keratin?
Keratinocytes (mostly cuboidal/polyhedral)
Give the 4 layers of the epidermis
Stratum basale = basal layer Stratum spinosum = prickle cell layer Stratum granulosum = granular layer Stratum corneum = keratin layer
Give the 4 layers of the epidermis
Stratum basale = basal layer Stratum spinosum = prickle cell layer Stratum granulosum = granular layer Stratum corneum = keratin layer
Where do blisters/abrasions commonly occur?
At the dermal/epidermal interface
What is the role of Merkel cells?
Merkel cells form synapses with nerve fibers in the dermis to convey information about fine touch
In which layer of the epidermis would you find mitotic cells?
Basal layer
Describe dermal papillae?
Dermal papillae are made at the wavy boundary between the dermis and epidermis
People with darker skin have the same number of melanocytes but they just produce more melanin. True/false?
True
Where are fibroblasts found?
The dermis but not the epidermis
Where would you find Meissner’s corpuscles?
Mainly around the dermal papillae
What does a Pacinian corpuscle detect?
Pressure and vibration
Where would you find a pacinian corpuscle?
In the deep dermis/subcutaneous fat
Where are melanocytes derived from?
Neural crest cells
Where is melanin transferred to?
keratinocytes of basal and prickle cell layers
Which cell is being described? Pale cytoplasm with an irregular shaped nucleus. They recognise antigens.
Langerhan’s cells
Where are sebaceous glands particularly abundant?
Face, scalp, ears, nostrils, vulva and around the anus
Where are sebaceous glands absent?
Soles & palms
What can be found at the dermis?
Hair roots, poleaxe of blood vessels, sensory transducers and nerve endings
What ducts occur in the breast?
Lactiferous ducts (stratified cuboidal epithelium)
Which hormones cause the breast to enter a proliferative phase in the first trimester?
Oestrogen, growth hormone and cortisol
How many opening are there arranged around the nipple and what epithelium surrounds them?
12-20 rings lined by keratinised, stratified, squamous epithelium. (Plugged by keratin in a non-lactating breast)
Describe the changes to the breast in pregnancy
The ducts divide and secretory alveoli develop (columnar surrounded by myoepithelial cells) Alveoli cells mature & secretory material builds up. Storm becomes depleted of adipose tissue
Describe the changes to the breast in pregnancy
The ducts divide and secretory alveoli develop (columnar surrounded by myoepithelial cells) Alveoli cells mature & secretory material builds up. Storm becomes depleted of adipose tissue
