Bone Flashcards
Give the 5 classifications of bone by shape
- Long
- Short
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
- Flat
Which of the following bone type is being described: Dense, solid, only spaces are for cells and blood vessels.
a) Cortical
b) Trabecular
Cortical
Which of the following bone type is being described: Network of bony struts (trabeculae), looks like sponge, many holes filled with bone marrow. Cells reside in trabeculae and blood vessels in holes
a) Cortical
b) Trabecular
Trabecular
What type of bone is this?
Woven bone
Made quickly
Disorganised
No clear structure
What type of bone is this?
Lamella bone
Made slowly
Organised
Layered structure
Why are bones Hollow?
Makes us less heavy
Keeps the mass distributed and away from the neutral axis
(Bone marrow is a bonus)
Why are bones trabeculated?
gives structural support while minimizing mass
What is Hydroxyapatite?
Hydroxyapatite = a crystalline form of Calcium Phosphate
Which part of composition gives flexability and elasticity to bone?
Collagen
Note: Arrangements of collage n in different ways gives the strength (like plywood)
Which part of bones compostion gives stiffness to the bone?
Mineral
Which type of bone originates within sheets of concentric tissue?
Intramembranous bone
Which type of bone formation begins as models of hyaline cartilage that are replaced by bone?
Endochonral bone formation
(eating the cartilage and replacing with bone)
Name the following cells
Osteocytes - stellate, entombed in bone
Osteoclast - multinucleated
Bone
Osteoblast - plump & cuboidal
Lining cells - difficult to see, flattened and line the bone
What condition is affecting the bone shown here?
Osteoporosis
What are the 2 major hormones that regulate plasma calcium levels and where are they from?
Parathyroid hormone - parathyroid gland
1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D - Sunlight converting 7-dehydrocholesterol to VD3 or dietary VD2/VD3
