Skin

Question 1

What is a macule?

Answer 1

A flat area of altered colour.

Question 2

What is a patch?

Answer 2

A flat area of altered colour or texture.

Question 3

What is a plaque?

Answer 3

Palpable scaling raised lesion

Question 4

What is a papule?

Answer 4

Solid raised lesion

Question 5

What is a nodule?

Answer 5

Solid raised lesion with deeper component.

Question 6

What is a vesicle?

Answer 6

Raised clear fluid filled lesion

Question 7

What is a bulla

Answer 7

Large clear fluid filled lesion.

Question 8

What are examples of fibroepithelial polyps?

Answer 8

Common benign growths.
Occur in middle-aged people.
Made up of trunk, next, axilla and groin.

Question 9

What are naevi?

Answer 9

Proliferation of melanocytes- pigment producing benign cell.
Located in derma-epidermal junction (junctional naevi), derma-epidermal junction and dermis (compound naevi- the darkest colour) and just dermis (intradermal naevi).

Question 10

What are sebaceous cysts?

Answer 10

Two types of cysts- epidermoid cyst and pilar cyst.

Question 11

What are seborrheic keratosis?

Answer 11

Occur in middle aged and older people. Arise spontaneously.
Benign.
Trunk, neck and head.

Question 12

What is haemangioma?

Answer 12

Benign vascular tumour of the dermis.
Tend to occur in children.
Bluey-red surface.

Question 13

What are basal cell carcinomas?

Answer 13

Most common human cancer from the sun.

Slow growing and rarely metastasis.

Question 14

What is Bowen’s disease?

Answer 14

Malignant precursor to SCC. Epidermal dysplasia.

Due to sun damage.

Question 15

What are melanomas?

Answer 15

Malignant growth due to sun exposure.

Question 16

How would you diagnose a melanoma.

Answer 16

Asymmetry
Border- irregular 
Colour- variable in pigmentation. 
DIameter- mostly larger than 6mm
Enlarge.

Question 17

What is psoriasis?

Answer 17

Commonly affects elbows, knees, scalp, kumbosacral area.
A skin condition.
Associated with nail changes, arthritis, myopathy.
Well demarcated salmon pink plaques with silver scaling.

Question 18

What are scabies?

Answer 18

Itchy caused by mites.

Spreads skin to skin.

Question 19

What is meningitis?

Answer 19

Unwell- headache, stiff neck, photophobia.
Aching limbs, cold hands and feet.
Develop pink spots that rapidly turn into purple bruising.
Non-blanching rash that doesn’t disappear when you press it.