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Radiologic Pathology > Skeletal System Pathologies 2 > Flashcards

Skeletal System Pathologies 2 Flashcards

1
Q

defined as inflammation of the joints

A

Arthritis

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2
Q

Commonly called Pyogenic Arthritis caused by staphylocci, streptococci and gonococci. Symptoms are pain, redness, swelling of the affected joint accompanied by fever.

A

Acute Arthritis

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3
Q
  • chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the synovial joints.
  • common in women aged 20 to 50.
  • it is manifested as having pain, swelling, stiffness, fatigue,
    weight-loss, fever,anorexia, etc.
A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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4
Q
  • a progressive form of arthritis that is a chronic condition affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints of males aged 10 to 30 years.
A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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5
Q
  • it leads to rigidity and fixation making the spine a rigid block of bone referred to as bamboo spine resulting in bone fusion (ankylosis)
A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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6
Q

the most common type of arthritis known for as degenerative joint disease.

A

Osteoarthritis

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7
Q
  • affects male and female equally resulting from a non-inflammatory deterioration of the joint cartilage that occurs with the normal wear and tear of aging.
  • it is also secondary to bone stress associated with trauma.
A

Osteoarthritis

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8
Q
  • This condition affects mainly the large, weight-bearing joints and interphalangeal joints of the fingers.
A

Osteoarthritis

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9
Q

radiographically, presence of bone spurs or known as osteophytes are seen visible which is due to the loss of articular cartilage.

A

Osteoarthritis

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10
Q

Inflammation of Associated Joint Structures

A

Tendonitis

Bursitis

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11
Q

inflammation of the tendons (connective tissues attaching the muscles to the bones, enclosed in a sheath)

A

Tendonitis

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12
Q

inherited metabolic disorder with excess amounts of uric acid.

A

Gouty Arthritis

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13
Q
  • common in males affecting the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe.
  • its complication leads to kidney stone formation due to increase excretion of uric acid by the kidneys.
A

Gouty Arthritis

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14
Q

A metabolic bone disorder common in women past menopause. There is an abnormal decrease in bone density. In postmenopausal women, hormone estrogen is decreased or lost causing the bones to become “porous”. Its severity leads to a compression fracture. Treatment includes increase in intake of calcium, vitamin D and sex hormone supplements.

A

Osteoporosis

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15
Q

Metabolic condition due to lack of calcium in the tissues and a failure of bone to calcify. Results from inadequate intake of calcium, phosphorus,or vitamin D.

A

Osteomalacia

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16
Q

It is caused by vitamin D deficiency in children.

A

Rickets

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17
Q

It is the most common in elderly of unknown etiology. Affects the pelvis, spine, skull and the long bones. Complications may lead to hearing and vision disturbances and even to a malignant neoplastic disease of the skeletal system

A

Paget’s Disease

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18
Q

malignant neoplastic disease of the skeletal system

A

OSTEOGENIC SARCOMA.

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19
Q

A fairly common disease of the endocrine system, often very mild and may go undetected for a long time, Since the skeletal system is involved in balancing calcium and phosphorus levels, such condition disrupts the normal calcium-phosphorus ratio leading to bone destruction.

A

Hyperthyroidism

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20
Q

Also an endocrine disorder due to disturbance of the PITUITARY GLAND. It is a slowly progressive disease in which there is an increase in growth of the hormone that will thicken and make the bone coarse because of the epiphyses closing and bone that does not grow in length anymore.

A

Acromegaly

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21
Q
  • Radiographically, it will show an increase in size of SELLA TURCICA and some changes in the skull
  • People with acromegaly present forehead & jaw, widened teeth, and a large spade-like hand.
A

Acromegaly

22
Q

A discontinuity of bone caused by mechanical forces either applied to the bone or transmitted directly along the line of a bone

A

Fractures

23
Q

Classification of Fractures

A
  1. Open or Compound fracture
  2. Closed Fracture
  3. Complete, Non comminuted Fracture
  4. Incomplete
24
Q

one in which the bone has penetrate the skin.

A

Open or Compound fracture

25
Q

one in which the skin is not penetrated, thus reducing the chance of infection

A

Closed Fracture

26
Q

those in which the bone has separated into two fragments

A

Complete, Non comminuted Fracture

27
Q

those in which only part of the bony structure gives way, with little or no displacement

A

Incomplete

28
Q

complete fractures that are at right angles to the long axis of the bone

A

Transverse

29
Q

a type of incomplete fracture that extends from the surface into but not all the way through a long bone

A

Fissure

30
Q

the axis of the fracture is neither parallel nor perpendicular to
the bone. The length and angle of the fracture depend on the rotational stress

A

Oblique

31
Q
  • the bone appears to be twisted apart

- this is very common in the humerus, and especially the tibia of skiers

A

Spiral

32
Q

a lengthwise break in a bone

A

Longitudinal

33
Q

one bone fragment is driven into another

A

Impacted

34
Q

a type of impacted facture that is especially common in the distal radius of children

A

Torus

35
Q

the bone is separated into two or more and often numerous fragments

A

Comminuted

36
Q

fracture of a bone in two district places

A

Double

37
Q

occur when a fragment of bone is pulled away from the shaft

A

Avulsion

38
Q
  • fractures that usually occur as a result of a strong, violent
    force
  • occur at sites of maximal strain on a bone,usually in
    connection with unaccustomed activity
A

Stress/Fatigue

39
Q

commonly a transverse fracture occurring in abnormal bone

that is weakened by various diseases

A

Pathologic

40
Q

a fractures of the base of the first metacarpal with involvement
of the first carpometacarpal joint

A

Bennett’s Fracture

41
Q

a fracture through the distal one-inch of the radius

A

Colle’s

42
Q

a reverse Colle’s fracture with displacement toward the palmar aspect of the hand

A

Smith’s

43
Q

a common pediatric fracture in which there is an alteration in the alignment of the condyles may come to lie directly under
the shaft of the humerus

A

Supracondylar

44
Q

usually caused by falling on one’s hand

A

Carpal-Navicular Fracture

45
Q

involves both malleoli, with dislocation of the ankle joint

A

Pott’s

46
Q
  • the exact location and severity of a hip fracture depend on the
    direction of the forces involved
  • the most common types of hip fractures include subcapital,
    transcervical and intertrochanteric
A

Hip Fractures

47
Q

a fracture of the lateral and medial malleolus

A

Bimalleolar Fracture

48
Q

has three components: the medial and lateral malleolus and the posterior distal tibia

A

Trimalleolar Fracture

49
Q

a common transverse fracture that occurs when the foot is suddenly twisted when the ankle pronates

A

Fracture of the Base of the Fifth Metatarsal

50
Q

occurs when a person falls directly on the patella, shattering it.

A

Stellate Fracture

51
Q

a comminuted fracture in which there are one or more

butterfly wing or wedge-shaped fragments split off from the main fragments

A

Butterfly

Radiologic Pathology (14 decks)

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