Skeletal System Pathologies 1

Question 1

A serious autosomal dominant congenital disease that affects the newborns skeletal system. Due to its abnormal fragile bone, infants afflicted are born with multiple fractures. It results in limb deformities and dwarfism. In some cases, a hearing disorder might occur due to the abnormal connective tissues around the auditory ossicles?

Answer 1

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Question 2

What are the two forms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

Answer 2

OGI Congenital

OGI Tarda

Question 3

Alternative name for osteogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 3

Brittle bone disease

Question 4

Most common inherited disorder that results in malformation and dwarfism. This is due to the cartilage located in the epiphyses of long bones that does not convert in to bone. Patients with such condition present a normal size trunk but with shortened extremities. Other malformations include lumbar spine lordosis, bow leg and bulky forehead.

Answer 4

Achondroplasia

Question 5

What are the presentations of achondroplasia?

Answer 5

Lumbar spine lordosis
Bow leg
bulky forehead

Question 6

Thoracolumbar kyphosis resulting in exaggerated curvature?

Answer 6

Gibbus deformity

Question 7

uncluding Marble Bone are term characterzing various disorders that involves increase in bone density and defective bone contour (Skeletal Modeling)

Answer 7

Osteopetrosis

Question 8

A common form of osteosclerotic osteopetrosis that is considered as a benign skeletal anomaly involving bone density

Answer 8

Albers-Schonberg

Question 9

Patients with such condition are assymptomatic. Not radiographically visible at birth but as the individual ages, manifestations become visible especially at the cranium and spine

Answer 9

Osteopetrosis

Question 10

What are the alternative names for osteopetrosis?

Answer 10

Ivory bone
Chalk bone
Marble bone

Question 11

What are three examples of hand and foot malformations?

Answer 11

Syndactyly
Polydactyly
Clubfoot (equino varus)

Question 12

Failure of fingers or toes to separate giving a webbed digit appearance?

Answer 12

Syndactyly

Question 13

Presence of extra digits?

Answer 13

Polydactyly

Question 14

Prevents a normal weight-bearing. Found to inward at the ankle, common in males and occurs bilaterally

Answer 14

Clubfoot (talipes equinovarus)

Question 15

What is absent in clubhand?

Answer 15

Radius

Question 16

It is a malformation of the acetabulum due to incomplete formation resulting in displacement of the head of the femur. Very common in females and can be treated through casting or splinting of the affected hip

Answer 16

Congenital Dislocation of the Hip

Question 17

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine that tends to affect females more frequently. This does not generally become apparent until adolescent stage. Such curve can either be convex to the right in thr thoracic region or to the left in the lumbar region. Can be corrected surgically or by placing a brace or body cast

Answer 17

Scoliosis

Question 18

Usually worn under clothing and is one method ued to try to improve the exxagerated curvature of the spine as seen in scoliosis

Answer 18

Brace

Question 19

An incomplete closure of the vertebral canal particularly in the lumbosacral area which results in failure of bony fusion of 2 laminae that is visible radiographically. In severe cases it affects the spinal cord resulting in paralysis

Answer 19

Spina Bifida

Question 20

premature orearly closure of any of the cranial sutures. This causes an overgrowth in fused sutures allowing the brain to grow, thus altering the shape of the head

Answer 20

Craniosynostoses

Question 21

Results in no formation of the brain and cranial vault leaving only the facial bones to be formed. This results in death and can be diagnosed by sonography and radiography

Answer 21

Anencephaly

Question 22

An infection of the bone and bone marrow resulting from a direct infection such as open fracture. Generally affected are the infants and children because of low resistance combined with the virulence of the organism. In adults, it affects the ends of the long bones of the lower limbs

Answer 22

Osteomyelitis

Question 23

A chronic inflammatory disease affecting the ends of the long bones or of the spine. Radiographically displays a worm-eaten appearance infecting the joint spaces

Answer 23

Tuberculosis

Question 24

The tuberculosis of the spine causing softening and eventual collapse of the vertebrae resulting in abscess formation and pressure in spinal cord

Answer 24

Pott’s Disease