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Radiologic Pathology > Hepatobiliary System Pathologies > Flashcards

Hepatobiliary System Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Liver damage caused by alcohol consumption resulting in hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver

A

Alcohol-induced Liver Disease

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2
Q

A build up of lipids that are deposited in liver tissue

A

Fatty Liver Disease

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3
Q

Fatty Liver Disease in early stages is often _____ and diagnosis requires _____

A

asymptomatic

biopsy of liver tissue

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4
Q

Management of fatty liver disease includes

A

implementation of weight loss programs and exercise programs

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5
Q

A chronic liver condition in which the liver paranchyma and architecture is destroyed fibrous tissue is laid down, and regenerative nodules are formed

A

Cirrhosis

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6
Q

Considered an end-stage condition

A

Cirrhosis

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7
Q

Causes of Cirrhosis

A
  1. Chronic alcohol abuse
  2. drugs
  3. autoimmune disorders
  4. metabolic diseases
  5. genetic diseases
  6. chronic hepatitis
  7. cardiac problems
  8. chronic biliary tract obstruction
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8
Q

Two functional impairments

A
  1. impaired liver function

2. portal hypertension

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9
Q

the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity

A

Ascites

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10
Q

A result of portal hypertension, chronic hepatitis, congestive heart failure, renal failure, cancer

A

Ascites

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11
Q

patients with ascites generally complain of:

A

non-specific abdominal pain

dyspnea

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12
Q

Medical treatment for ascites

A 
bedrest
dietary restriction of sodium
use of diuretics
treatments of complications
elimination of the underlying causes
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13
Q

Diagnosis/Treatment of Cirrhosis

A

sonography

biopsy

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14
Q

acute inflammation of the liver

A

viral hepatitis

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15
Q

prevents ability to excrete bilirubin

A

viral hepatitis

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16
Q

evidences of viral hepatitis

A 
nausea
vomiting
discomfort
tenderness over the liver
jaundice
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17
Q

“infectious hepatitis” and it is excreted in the GI tract in fecal material

A

Hepatitis A

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18
Q

spread by contact with an infected individual, normally through ingestion of contaminated food or water

A

Hepatitis A

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19
Q

highly contagious

A

Hepatitis A

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20
Q

“serum hepatitis”

A

Hepatitis B

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21
Q

transmission is parenteral in infected blood products

A

Hepatitis B

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22
Q

incubation is longer with severe effects

A

Hepatitis B

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23
Q

caused by a parenterally transmitted RNA virus

A

Hepatitis C

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24
Q

accounts for 80% of the cases of hepatitis that develop after blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis C

25
Q

gallstones

A

Cholelithiasis

26
Q

Common in females

A

Cholelithiasis

27
Q

Great occurrence in diabetic people, obese and in parous women

A

Cholelithiasis

28
Q

Characteristics of stones varies:

A
  • single or multiple appearance

- 80% …. and 20%…

29
Q

Size of gallstones varies from

A

size of a pinhead to the size of a marble

30
Q

acute inflammation of the gallbladder

A

Cholecystitis

31
Q

Characterized clinically by a sudden onset of pain, nausea, and vomiting

A

Cholecystitis

32
Q

common in individuals with chronically symptomatic cholelithiasis

A

Cholecystitis

33
Q

Treatment for cholecystisis

A

Cholecystectomy

34
Q

Inflammation of pancreatic tissue

A

Pancreatitis

35
Q

causes include excessive and chronic alcohol consumption, obstruction of hepatopancreatic ampulla by a gallstone or tumor, and even the injection of contrast media during ERCP

A

Pancreatitis

36
Q

yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes

A

Jaundice

37
Q

not a disease itselft but rather a sign of a disease

A

Jaundice

38
Q

the accumulation of excess bile pigments in the body tissues “stains” the skin and eyes this yellowish color

A

Jaundice

39
Q

occurs because of hemolytic disease in which too many red blood cells are destroyed or because of liver damage from cirrhosis or hepatitis

A

medical (non obstructive) jaundice

40
Q

most common appearance is transient in the first few days after birth, which more bile pigments are released than can be handled

A

medical (nonobstructive) jaundice

41
Q

occurs when the biliary system is obstructed and prevents bile from entering the duodenum

A

surgical (obstructive) jaundice

42
Q

a common cause of this obstruction is blockage of the common bile duct caused by stones or masses

A

surgical (obstructive) jaundice

43
Q

a benign tumor of the liver

A

Hepatocellular adenoma

44
Q

occurs most often in women using oral contraceptives

A

Hepatocellular adenoma

45
Q

most common tumor of the liver

A

hemangioma

46
Q

it is benign and composed of newly formed blood vessels and these neoplasms may form in other places within the body

A

Hemagioma

47
Q

hepatocarcinoma

A

hepatoma

48
Q

a primary neoplasm of the liver

A

hepatoma

49
Q

associated with cirrhosis with poor nutrition and alcoholism

A

hepatoma

50
Q

originate in the liver parenchyma with a large central mass

A

hepatoma

51
Q

signs and symptoms of hepatoma

A 
jaundice
abdominal pain
weight loss
an RUQ mass
ascites
rapid increase in liver size
52
Q

much more common than primary carcinoma because of the liver’s role in filtering blood

A

Metastatic Liver Disease

53
Q

A common site for metastasis from other primary sites

A

Liver

54
Q

provides the definitive diagnosis of cancer, often under sonographic guidance

A

Liver biopsy

55
Q

occurs infrequently but most neoplasms within the gallbladder are malignant

A

carcinoma of the gallbladder

56
Q

more common in women and older, with gallstones present in about 75% of all cases

A

carcinoma of the gallbladder

57
Q

another risk factor associated with the development of gallbladder carcinoma is a

A

“porcelain” gallbladder

58
Q

usually rapidly fatal

A

carcinoma of the pancreas

59
Q

incidence greater in men than in women and in blacks than in whites

A

carcinoma of the pancreas

Radiologic Pathology (14 decks)

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