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Radiologic Pathology > Hepatobiliary System Pathologies > Flashcards

Hepatobiliary System Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Liver damage caused by alcohol consumption resulting in hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver

A

Alcohol-induced Liver Disease

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2
Q

A build up of lipids that are deposited in liver tissue

A

Fatty Liver Disease

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3
Q

Fatty Liver Disease in early stages is often _____ and diagnosis requires _____

A

asymptomatic

biopsy of liver tissue

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4
Q

Management of fatty liver disease includes

A

implementation of weight loss programs and exercise programs

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5
Q

A chronic liver condition in which the liver paranchyma and architecture is destroyed fibrous tissue is laid down, and regenerative nodules are formed

A

Cirrhosis

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6
Q

Considered an end-stage condition

A

Cirrhosis

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7
Q

Causes of Cirrhosis

A
  1. Chronic alcohol abuse
  2. drugs
  3. autoimmune disorders
  4. metabolic diseases
  5. genetic diseases
  6. chronic hepatitis
  7. cardiac problems
  8. chronic biliary tract obstruction
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8
Q

Two functional impairments

A
  1. impaired liver function

2. portal hypertension

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9
Q

the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity

A

Ascites

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10
Q

A result of portal hypertension, chronic hepatitis, congestive heart failure, renal failure, cancer

A

Ascites

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11
Q

patients with ascites generally complain of:

A

non-specific abdominal pain

dyspnea

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12
Q

Medical treatment for ascites

A 
bedrest
dietary restriction of sodium
use of diuretics
treatments of complications
elimination of the underlying causes
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13
Q

Diagnosis/Treatment of Cirrhosis

A

sonography

biopsy

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14
Q

acute inflammation of the liver

A

viral hepatitis

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15
Q

prevents ability to excrete bilirubin

A

viral hepatitis

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16
Q

evidences of viral hepatitis

A 
nausea
vomiting
discomfort
tenderness over the liver
jaundice
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17
Q

“infectious hepatitis” and it is excreted in the GI tract in fecal material

A

Hepatitis A

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18
Q

spread by contact with an infected individual, normally through ingestion of contaminated food or water

A

Hepatitis A

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19
Q

highly contagious

A

Hepatitis A

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20
Q

“serum hepatitis”

A

Hepatitis B

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21
Q

transmission is parenteral in infected blood products

A

Hepatitis B

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22
Q

incubation is longer with severe effects

A

Hepatitis B

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23
Q

caused by a parenterally transmitted RNA virus

A

Hepatitis C

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24
Q

accounts for 80% of the cases of hepatitis that develop after blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis C

25
gallstones
Cholelithiasis
26
Common in females
Cholelithiasis
27
Great occurrence in diabetic people, obese and in parous women
Cholelithiasis
28
Characteristics of stones varies:
- single or multiple appearance | - 80% .... and 20%...
29
Size of gallstones varies from
size of a pinhead to the size of a marble
30
acute inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
31
Characterized clinically by a sudden onset of pain, nausea, and vomiting
Cholecystitis
32
common in individuals with chronically symptomatic cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
33
Treatment for cholecystisis
Cholecystectomy
34
Inflammation of pancreatic tissue
Pancreatitis
35
causes include excessive and chronic alcohol consumption, obstruction of hepatopancreatic ampulla by a gallstone or tumor, and even the injection of contrast media during ERCP
Pancreatitis
36
yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes
Jaundice
37
not a disease itselft but rather a sign of a disease
Jaundice
38
the accumulation of excess bile pigments in the body tissues "stains" the skin and eyes this yellowish color
Jaundice
39
occurs because of hemolytic disease in which too many red blood cells are destroyed or because of liver damage from cirrhosis or hepatitis
medical (non obstructive) jaundice
40
most common appearance is transient in the first few days after birth, which more bile pigments are released than can be handled
medical (nonobstructive) jaundice
41
occurs when the biliary system is obstructed and prevents bile from entering the duodenum
surgical (obstructive) jaundice
42
a common cause of this obstruction is blockage of the common bile duct caused by stones or masses
surgical (obstructive) jaundice
43
a benign tumor of the liver
Hepatocellular adenoma
44
occurs most often in women using oral contraceptives
Hepatocellular adenoma
45
most common tumor of the liver
hemangioma
46
it is benign and composed of newly formed blood vessels and these neoplasms may form in other places within the body
Hemagioma
47
hepatocarcinoma
hepatoma
48
a primary neoplasm of the liver
hepatoma
49
associated with cirrhosis with poor nutrition and alcoholism
hepatoma
50
originate in the liver parenchyma with a large central mass
hepatoma
51
signs and symptoms of hepatoma
``` jaundice abdominal pain weight loss an RUQ mass ascites rapid increase in liver size ```
52
much more common than primary carcinoma because of the liver's role in filtering blood
Metastatic Liver Disease
53
A common site for metastasis from other primary sites
Liver
54
provides the definitive diagnosis of cancer, often under sonographic guidance
Liver biopsy
55
occurs infrequently but most neoplasms within the gallbladder are malignant
carcinoma of the gallbladder
56
more common in women and older, with gallstones present in about 75% of all cases
carcinoma of the gallbladder
57
another risk factor associated with the development of gallbladder carcinoma is a
"porcelain" gallbladder
58
usually rapidly fatal
carcinoma of the pancreas
59
incidence greater in men than in women and in blacks than in whites
carcinoma of the pancreas

Radiologic Pathology (14 decks)

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