Skeletal System

Question 1

Parts of Skeletal System

Answer 1

All bones and their cartilage

Ligaments and tendons

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

Support
Protection
Assistance in moving
Mineral homeostasis
Blood cell production
Triglyceride storage

Question 3

Function of support

Answer 3

Provides a structural framework for soft tissues of the body

Question 4

Function of protection

Answer 4

The skeleton protects internal organs

Question 5

Function of assistance in moving

Answer 5

Most skeletal muscles attaches to bones

Contraction of muscles move bones

Question 6

Function of mineral homeostatsis

Answer 6

Osseous tissue stores several minerals e.g calcium and phosphorous
Bones can release minerals to maintain homeostatic levels

Question 7

Function of blood cell production

Answer 7

Blood cells are produce by red bone marrow

Red bone marrow is found in certain bones e.g pelvic, ribs, ends of arms

Question 8

Function of triglyceride stroage

Answer 8

Yellow bone marrow consists mainly of adipocytes that store triglycerides

Question 9

Bone tissue

Answer 9

A unique form of hard connective tissue

Matrix material contains collagen fibres and mineral salt crystals

Question 10

Main mineral salt crystal in bone tissue

Answer 10

Calcium phosphate in the chemical arrangement known as calcium hydroxyapatite

Question 11

Structures of bone tissue

Answer 11

Compact (Cortical)

Spongy (Cancellous)

Question 12

Epiphysis

Answer 12

End of bone

Question 13

Diaphysis

Answer 13

Bone shaft

Question 14

Shapes of bones and example

Answer 14

Long e.g humerus
Short e.g carpal
Flat e.g sternum
Irregular e.g vertebra
Sesamoid e.g patella and thumb
Sutural

Question 15

Articular cartilage

Answer 15

Thin layer of cartilage that covers the surface of the epiphysis that articulates with other bones

Question 16

Metaphysis

Answer 16

Between diaphysis and epiphysis

Contains the epiphyseal growth plate in growing bones

Question 17

Medullary Cavity

Answer 17

A hollow cylindrical space within the middle of the diaphysis
Contains yellow bone marrow in adults

Question 18

Endostenum

Answer 18

A thin connective tissue layer that lines the surface of the medullary cavity

Question 19

Periosteum

Answer 19

A connective tissue layer attached to the outside of the bone

Question 20

Features of Long bones

Answer 20

Articular cartilage
Metaphysis
Endosteum
Medullary cavity
Periosteum

Question 21

Features of short bones

Answer 21

Internal table - compact bone
Diploe - spongy bone
External table - compact bone
Periosteum

Question 22

Internal table of short bone

Answer 22

Compact bone

Question 23

Diploe of short bone

Answer 23

Spongy bone

Question 24

External table of short bone

Answer 24

Compact bone

Question 25

Sutural bones

Answer 25

Small, flat, irregularly shaped bones
Found between the flat bones of the skull
Vary in number, shape, size, and position

Question 26

Blood supply to bones

Answer 26

Bone contains extensive network of blood vessels

The vessels overlap and if one is damaged, the bone will not die because it receives blood from another vessel