Energy

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

Capacity for doing work or causing change

Question 2

Forms of Energy (+ subforms)

Answer 2

Potential including chemical, nuclear and electrical

Kinetic including mechanic and thermal

Question 3

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 3

Energy can not be created or destroyed. It can only change form

Question 4

Potential energy

Answer 4

Energy stored by matter due to its position

Question 5

Kinetic energy

Answer 5

Energy associated with matter in motion

Question 6

Chemical energy

Answer 6

A form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds, its converted to kinetic energy in the body

Question 7

Exothermic reactions

Answer 7

Chemical reactions that result in the net release of energy

Question 8

Endothermic reactions

Answer 8

Require input of energy to proceed (results in net absorption of energy)

Question 9

Collision theory

Answer 9

For reactions to occur, molecules need to collide with each other with enough energy to break and/or form chemical bonds and they also need to be in the right orientation

Question 10

What does rate of successful collisions/rate of reaction depend upon? (collision theory)

Answer 10

Energy - more energy = greater chance that bonds will break or form = faster reaction
Concentration - Higher concentration = more collisions = faster reaction

Question 11

Types of reactions

Answer 11

Synthesis
Decomposition
Exchange
Reversible

Question 12

Synthesis reaction

Answer 12

Two of more atoms/molecules are bonded together to form a more complex molecule

Question 13

Decomposition

Answer 13

A larger molecule is broken apart into simpler substances

Question 14

Exchange

Answer 14

When one atom/functional group replaces another in a compound (both synthesis and decomposition)

Question 15

Reversible

Answer 15

A reaction that can proceed in both direction

Question 16

Metabolism

Answer 16

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. Includes breakdown and assembly of molecules as well as reaction energy output or input

Question 17

Catabolism

Answer 17

Breakdown of molecules to produce energy or small subunits that can be subsequently reassembled into larger molecules by anabolism

Question 18

Anabolism

Answer 18

The synthesis of complex molecules and energy storage compounds in living organisms from simpler molecules

Question 19

Energy form in the body

Answer 19

Adenosine-tri-phosphate ATP

Question 20

Activation energy

Answer 20

The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction

Question 21

Catalysts

Answer 21

A chemical substance that acts to lower the activation energy required for certain chemical reactions (not used in reaction)

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

A protein that acts as a catalyst

Question 23

How do enzymes work?

Answer 23

Enzymes attract reactants, binding them in the right orientation, working on them to produce the products then releasing the products