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bms 191 > Mixtures, Concentrations and pH > Flashcards

Mixtures, Concentrations and pH Flashcards

1
Q

Mixtures

A

A combination of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but not bound by chemical bonds

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2
Q

Types of liquid mixtures

A

Solutions
Colloids
Suspensions

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3
Q

Solution

A

A mixture of solute dissolved into a solvent that remains evenly distributed

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4
Q

Solvent

A

A liquid or gas which another substance is dissolved

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5
Q

Solute

A

A substance that is dissolved into a solvent

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6
Q

Colloids

A

A mixtures of solute and a solvent but where the solute particles are large enough to scatter light as it passes through e.g proteins in milk dissolved in water still big enough to scatter light (looks opaque)

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7
Q

Suspensions

A

A mixture in a liquid for a period of time, but eventually it will settle out of the liquid e.g red blood cells and plasma

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8
Q

Concerntration

A

The proportion of solute dissolvent in a solvent

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9
Q

Molarity

A

The number of molecules of solute dissolved in one litre of solvent

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10
Q

Acid

A

A substance that when dissolved in water releases hydrogen ions

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11
Q

Strong acid/base tendencies

A

Dissociate completely to release H+ ions and OH- ions respectively

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12
Q

Weak acid/base tendencies

A

weak tendency to dissociate and release H+ and OH- ions respectively but can also reform

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13
Q

Base

A

A substance when dissolved in water releases hydroxide ions

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14
Q

Salt

A

A substance when dissolved in water releases a cation and an anion neither of which are H+ or OH-

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15
Q

Reversible reactions

A

Are not static, backward and forward reactions are happening continuously. Tend to find a balance (equilibrium) where the forward and back reactions are happening at the same speed

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16
Q

Le Chateliers Principle

A

A change in one of the variables in a system at equilibrium produces a shift in the position of the equilibrium that counteracts the effect of this change

17
Q

pH

A

Potential hydrogen, A measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

18
Q

Characteristics of pH scale

A 
Range = 0-14
7 = neutral
Below 7 = Acidic
Above 7 = Basic
Body pH = 7.4
19
Q

Buffer

A

A substance that is able to remove or add H+ and it is able to resist large changes in pH e.g weak acids or bases

20
Q

Bodys buffer system

A

Carbonic acid - bicarbonate buffer system

H^++HCO_3^−⇢⇠H_2 CO_3 ⇢⇠H_2 O+CO_2

bms 191 (27 decks)

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