Skeletal System Flashcards
Skeletal system
Includes about 206 bones
Also includes cartilages, ligaments, connective tissue
What two skeletons is the skeletal system divided into?
Axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton
What bones are in the Axial skeleton? How many?
80 bones; skull and associated bones, thoracic cage, vertebral column
What is the purpose of the axial skeleton?
Supports and protects brain and spinal cord.
Provides attachment surface for muscles that adjust position of head, neck, trunk.
Perform respiratory movements
Stabilize parts of appendicular skeleton supporting limbs.
What bones are in the Appendicular skeleton? How many?
126 bones; bones of limbs and supporting girdles that connect limbs to trunk
Axial skeleton bones - 80
Skull and associated bones-29 (cranium-8,face-14,auditory ossicles-6, hyoid-1)
Thoracic cage-25 (sternum-1,ribs-24)
Vertebral column-26 (vertebrae-24,sacrum-1,coccyx-1)
Appendicular skeleton bones-126
Pectoral girdle-4 (clavicle-2,scapula-2)
Upper limbs-60 (humerus-2,radius-2,ulna-2,carpal bones-16,metacarpal bones-10,phalanges-28)
Pelvic girdle-2 (hip bone/coxal bone-2)
Lower limbs-60 (femur-2,patella-2,tibia-2,fibula-2,tarsal bones-14,metatarsal bones-10,phalanges-28)
What are the vital functions of the skeletal system?
Support, storage of minerals, blood cell production, protection, movement
Support
Provides structural support; framework for attachment of soft tissues and organs
Storage of minerals
Stores minerals that body needs to maintain normal concentrations of circulating calcium and phosphate.
Calcium is the most abundant mineral; normally contains 1-2kg/98% of that contained in bones
What does the skeletal system provide protection for?
Ribs - heart
Skull - brain
Vertebrae - spinal cord
Pelvis - digestive and reproductive organs
Skeletal system site of blood cell production
Red bone marrow (filling spongy bone spaces) site of production for red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
Bone classification
Flat, long, irregular, short
Flat bones
Parietal bone
Long bones
Humerus