Endocrine System Flashcards
Intercellular communication
Communication over greater distances coordinated by nervous system and endocrine systems
Endocrine glandular cells
Transmission; through the bloodstream
Chemical messengers; hormones
Effects; long-term communication
Neurons
Transmission; across synaptic clefts
Chemical messengers; neurotransmitters
Effects; short, quick communication
Endocrine chemical messengers; hormones
Transported in bloodstream to target cells which need appropriate receptors.
Provides long-term communication (growth and development)
Nervous chemical messengers; neurotransmitters
Transported by diffusion across synaptic cleft and is limited to specific area. Target cells need appropriate receptors, provides short, quick communication (reflexes)
Diabetic emergencies
-ketoacidosis
-hypoglycemia
Signs of narcolepsy
-drowsiness
-hallucinations
-loss of muscle control
Hypothalamus control
Integrates activities of nervous and endocrine systems through three mechanisms; secretion of regulatory hormones to anterior pituitary, autonomic centres
Synthesis and transport of two hormones to posterior pituitary
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin (OXT)
Secretion of regulatory hormones to anterior pituitary
Releasing hormone (RH)
Inhibiting hormone (IH)
Primary endocrine organs
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Adrenal glands
Pituitary gland
Secretes multiple hormones regulating activities of adrenal cortex, thyroid gland, reproductive organs, and melatonin production
Thyroid gland
Affects metabolic rate and calcium levels in the body fluids
Adrenal glands
Hormones involved with mineral balance, metabolic control, and resistance to stress
Adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine
Pancreas
Secrete hormones regulating glucose uptake and utilization
