Skeletal - joints Flashcards
Name the 3 ways to describe joints by their function
Synarthroses
Amphiarthroses
Diarthroses
What is the function of a synarthroses joint?
immovable
What is the function of a amphiarthroses joint?
slightly movable
What is the function of a diarthroses joint?
freely movable
What are 3 ways to describe joints by their structure?
fibrous
synovial
cartilaginous
Describe the movement of a fibrous joint
tend to be immovable
Describe the movement of a synovial joint
tend to be freely movable
Describe the movement of cartilaginous joints
exhibit a range
Describe the structure of a fibrous joint
contain lots of dense fibrous connective tissue
Do fibrous joints contain a joint cavity?
NO
Do fibrous joint connect bones that do or don’t require a lot of movement?
Connect bones that do not require a lot of movement
What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?
sutures
syndesmoses
gomphoses
Where are suture joints found?
found only in the skull
What type of joint is shown
fibrous, sutures
What are the syndesmoses joints?
bones connected only by ligaments
Where would you find the syndesmoses joints?
found between parallel bones
ulna and radius
What type of joint is shown?
syndesmoses
What is a ligament?
bands of fibrous tissue
Describe the gomphoses joints
the specialized fibrous joint that anchors the root of a tooth into its bony socket within the maxillary bone (upper jaw) or mandible bone (lower jaw) of the skull. A gomphosis is also known as a peg-and-socket joint.
Where are the gomphoses joints found?
tooth and alveolar socket
very limited movement
What joint is shown?
gomphosis
What connects bones in cartilaginous joints?
cartilage
Do cartilaginous joints contain a joint cavity?
NO
Are cartilaginous joints movable?
not particularly movable
What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?
- synchondroses
- Symphysis
What do synchondroses contain?
hyaline cartilage
What is an example of a synchondroses?
epiphyseal plate
(bone growth in children)
What composes symphysis?
fibrocartilage and hyaline
What is the function of sympheses?
compressible
shock absorbers
Where are the sympheses found?
between vertebrae
in the pelvis
What joint is shown below?
sympheses
What joint is shown below?
sympheses
What joint is this an example of?
synchondroses
What type of joint are most joints?
synovial
What type of joint is shown here?
synovial
Name structures A-E
Describe the movements of synovial joints
- nonaxial movement (slipping movement)
- Uniaxial movement
- Biaxial movement
- multiaxial movement
What is a gliding motion?
one flat bone surface slips over another
Where does a sliding motion occur?
ankles and wrists
What is an angular movement?
angle between 2 bones changes -
flexion and extension
What are examples of movement in synovial joints?
flexion - decrease the angle between 2 bones
abduction and adduction
circumduction
rotation
What is the motion produced by the ulna and radius?
radius moving around the ulna
(supination and pronation)
Describe the motion of the mandible
protraction and retraction
What is the meniscus?
a C-shaped piece of tough, rubbery cartilage that acts as a shock absorber between the shinbone and the thighbone.
What is the role of meniscus?
shock absorption
What cartilage comprises the meniscus?
fibrocartilage
