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BDS2 Anatomy > Scalp > Flashcards

Scalp Flashcards

1
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A
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2
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3
Q

What connects the occipital is and the frontalis?

A

Epicranial aponeurosis

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4
Q

What allows free movement of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

A

Loose alveolar tissue or loose connective tissue

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5
Q

How many layers is the loose alveolar tissue composed of?

A

3

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6
Q

What is the pericranium?

A

Is the pericardium of the bone

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7
Q

How to most structure in the scalp attach to the pericranium?

A

Sharpey’s fibres

Connective tissue

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8
Q

What is the nerve supply of the occipitofrontalis?

A

Frontal belly Temporal branches of Facial n VII

Occipital belly - posterior auricular nerve Branch of facial nerveJ

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9
Q

What nerves supply the scalp?

A

Ophthalmic nerve
Maxillary nerve

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10
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11
Q

What blood vessels supply the scalp? - supraorbital and supra trochlear

A

Ophthalmic artery

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12
Q

What blood vessels supply the scalp? - superficial temporal, posterior auricular and occipital?

A

External carotid artery

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13
Q

What vein drains the supraorbital and supragrochlear?

A

Facial vein

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14
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15
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16
Q

Why will a wound to the scalp gape?

A

If it hits the aponeurosis

Need to hold together

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17
Q

What is the aponeurosis?

A

A thin but tough layer of the fibrous tendinitis tissue and is the site at which the occipitofrontalis muscle inserts into tissue of the scalp

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18
Q

What are the emissary veins?

A

Veins which pass through formania in the skull to provide a venous communication between Duran venous sinuses and veins of the scalp or veins inferior to skull base

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19
Q

What are the dural venous sinuses?

A

Refer to multiple venous channels within the cranial cavity, which are sandwiched between the 2 layers of the dura mater

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20
Q

What are the layers of the meninges - inner to outer?

A

Pia mater
Arachnoid - web-like structure filled with fluid to cushion brain
Dura mater - tough outer layer

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21
Q

What does the dural venous sinuses receive blood from?

A

Veins associated with the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem

22
Q

What does the dural venous sinuses drain into?

A

Interval jugular vein

23
Q

Do emissary veins have valves?

A

No

24
Q

Where do the emissary veins travel from and to?

A

Viscerocranium to the neurocranium

25
Q

What veins does the emissary veins connect?

A

The dural venous sinuses and the veins external to the skull

26
Q

What is the function of the emissary veins?

A

Provide cooling if the brain and alternative drainage route of the brain in case if obstruction if dural venous sinuses

27
Q

Do the emissary veins spread infection?

A

Yes, provide pathway for spreading of the extra cranial infections to neurocranium

28
Q

Where can the emissary veins spread infection?

A

Transmitted from the scalp to the cranial cavity

29
Q

What is a specific disease which can arise from emissary veins carrying infection?

A

Meningitis

Blood clot to brain

30
Q

What arteries carry blood to face?

A

Facial artery
Superficial temporal artery
Transverse facial artery
Supratrochlear artery
Supraorbital

31
Q

What are the veins of the face?

A
32
Q
A
33
Q

What vein is this and what does it drain into?

A

Angular vein

Drains into facial vein

34
Q

What vein is this and what does it drain into?

A

Supra orbital vein

Drains into superior ophthalmic vein

35
Q

What can an infection in the face (veins) cause?

A

Can travel through the orphanage,I’d veins and into the cranial cavity

Specifically the venous sinuses

Here it is the cavernous sinus

Cause cavernous sinus thrombosis

36
Q

What is a blood clot here called/cause?

A

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

Clotting of blood

37
Q

Where do the inferior ophthalmic veins connect?

A

Inferior orbital fissure

38
Q

What fossa do the ophthalmic veins move into? (After inferior original fissure)

A

The infratemporal fossa

39
Q

Where can the inferior ophthalmic veins cause an abscess?

A

The infratemporal fossa

40
Q
A
41
Q

What is this plexus called?

A
42
Q

What nerve innervates the parotid gland?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve (gland) and the great auricular nerve

43
Q

What muscles of facial expression does the temporal branch of the facial nerve innervate?

A
44
Q

What muscles of facial expression does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve innervate?

A
45
Q

What muscles of facial expression does the buccal branch of the facial nerve innervate?

A
46
Q

What muscles does the marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve inervate?

A
47
Q
A
48
Q

What are the elevator muscles of the upper lip?

A

Zygomaticus minor

Levetator labii superioris
Nasalis
Zygomaticus major

49
Q

What are the depressor muscles of the lips?

A

Depressor labii inferioris
Platysma
Depressor anguli oris
Mentalis

50
Q

What are the retractor muscles of the mouth?

A

Zygomaticus major
Depressor anguli oris
Risorius
Platysma

BDS2 Anatomy (32 decks)

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