Skeletal - joint and their movement - Fibrous and cartilaginous Flashcards
What is the role of joints?
trade off between mobility and stability
Why are joints in the skull cap connected?
need to join protective sheets of bone = stability paramount
What are the joints like in the vertebral column?
need flexibility to bend and twist but cannot risk damaging spinal tissues = combination
What are joints like in the shoulder?
need to facilitate wide range of upper limb movement = mobility paramount
What are the 3 joint groups?
Fibrous, Cartilagenous and Synovial
Name the 3 fibrous joints
- Syndesmosis (tibiofibular)
- Suture (skull)
- Gomphosis (anchor teeth into socket)
Name the 2 cartilaginous joints
- symphysis (vertebral bodies)
- synchondrosis (first rib and sternum)
Name the 6 types of synovial joints
- condyloid (wrist)
- gliding (radioulnar)
- hinge or ginglymus (elbow)
- ball and socket (hip)
- saddle (carpometacarpal of thumb)
- pivot (atlantoaxial).
What joint is this an example of?
Syndesmosis
What joint is this an example of?
suture
Describe a syndesmosis joint
Bones are held together by an interosseous ligament. Little movement.
Describe a suture joint
a thin layer of fibrous tissue between the bones. Only found in the skull and may become ossified as the individual ages
Describe the movement of fibrous
little or no movement
What is the role of fibrous joints?
support and protect
Where are fibrous joints found (general)?
Fibrous tissue unites the bones
What joint is this an example of?
Gomphosis
What is a gomphosis joint?
unique fibrous joints that anchor teeth into their sockets
Where are fibrous joints located?
Peg and socket articulation between the roots of the teeth and the alveolar processes of the maxilla or mandible.
What is a gimphosis joint also called?
peg and socket joint
What is the fibrous connection between the tooth and socket called?
periodontal ligament
What joint types allow little to no movement?
cartilaginous and fibrous
What is the epiphyseal plate?
The main site of longitudinal growth of the long bones
What joint type is shown here?
cartilagenous primary
synchondrosis
e.g. epiphyseal plate
What is the difference between primary and secondary cartilagenous joints?
The primary cartilaginous joint is where two bones are joined by hyaline cartilage and.
The secondary cartilaginous joint is where two bones are joined by fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage
What are primary cartilagenous joints called during developemt?
epiphyseal plates
What cartilage unites the bone in primary cartilagenous joints?
hyaline cartilage
What allows no movement between primary cartilagenous joints?
hyaline cartilage
What is an example in the ribs of a primary cartilagenous joint?
Joint between the first rib and the sternum remains
What happens to primary cartilagenous joints by 25 years?
Most of this joint type ossify by 25 years of age
What is the official name of primary cartilagenous joint?
synchondrosis
What is the official name for a secondary cartilagenous joints?
symphysis
What joint type is this an example of?
symphysis joints
What are examples of symphysis joints?
inter-vertebral disc
pubic symphysis
What age group have a symphysis joint?
adults and children
Describe the bone in a symphysis joint
Each bone has a covering of hyaline cartilage with a disc of fibro-cartilage between them
What cartilage is between each disc in a symphysis joint?
fibro-cartilage
What cartilagenous joint is good for shock-absorption?
symphysis / secondary
Are symphysis joints permanent joints?
YES
What is the name of the joint here and what type of joint is is?
pubic symphysis
-cartilagenous joints
What is the name of the joint here and what type of joint is is?
inter-vertebral
symphysis joint
What is the name of the joint here and what type of joint is is?
epiphyseal plate
synchrondrosis
What is an example of a primary cartilaginous joint?
The joint between the diaphysis and epiphysis of a growing long bone - epiphyseal growth plate.
