Sick term infant

Question 1

Define neonate

Answer 1

up to 28 days old

Question 2

Initial management of sick baby

Answer 2

T ABCDE 
Temperature - 36.5-37.4
Airway 
Breathing - O2 not given in early resus 
Circulation - fluids/bloods, inotropes
Disability/metabolic - glucose, acid-base imbalance
Exposure 

Antibiotics for sepsis until proven otherwise

Question 3

What is therapeutic cooling and what is it used for

Answer 3

cooling the baby to 33 degrees for 72 hours

for babies who have had neurological insult and damage to prevent CP

Question 4

List causes for a sick baby

Answer 4

Pregnancy/birth related
infection
congenital
metabolic

Question 5

When can infection happen

Answer 5

Antenatal e.g. GBS in carrier mother
Perinatal e.g. prolonged membrane rupture, genital herpes
Postnatal e.g. umbilical staph a

Question 6

Pregnancy/birth related causes of sick infant

Answer 6

Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy 
Transient tachypnoea of the newborn 
Pneumothorax 
Pneumonia 
Diaphragmatic hernia 
RDS 
Heart failure - hydrops foetalis 
PPHN

Question 7

What is hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy

Answer 7

multiorgan damage due to tissue hypoxia

Question 8

What are causes of hydrops foetalis

Answer 8

Rhesus disease

chromosomal

Question 9

List congenital anomalies associated with a sick infant

Answer 9

tetralogy of fallot 
transposition of the great vessels 
coarctation of the aorta 
TAPVD
hypoplastic heart 
tracheo-oesophageal fistula 
diaphragmatic hernia 
microcephaly 
spina bifida 
renal agenesis 
myotonic dystrophy

Question 10

Metabolic causes of sick infant

Answer 10

hypoglycaemia

acidosis