Pre term infant Flashcards
Define pre term
<37 weeks
Define very pre term
<32 weeks
Define extremely pre term
<28 weeks
Define foetal loss
<22 weeks
List risk factors for pre term birth
maternal age: teens / >40 maternal smoking, alcohol, illicit drugs poverty multiple pregnancy previous pre term deliveries PPROM infection PIH/PET IVF poor nutrition
Management of pre term babies at birth
keep babies warm
support breathing: apnoea of prematurity
maintain nutrition as babies have less reserve
List common problems in pre term infants
Temperature regulation Nutrition and feeding Neonatal sepsis RDS PDA IVH NEC Metabolic ROP
Why is hypothermia in pre term bad
It can increase the risk and severity of other morbidities
What can hypothermia lead to
hypoglycaemia and hypoxia
management of hypothermia
wraps/plastic bags
skin to skin
transwarmer mattresses
prewarmed incubator
Why are pre term babies at risk of malnutrition
limited nutrient reserves
gut immaturity
metabolic pathway immaturity
increased nutrient demands
What types of neonatal sepsis are there
Early onset EOS
Late onset LOS
Describe EOS and the bugs implicated
acquired during antental and intrapartum periods
GBS + Gram negatives
Describe LOS and the bugs implicated
acquired during post natal period
coagulase -ve staph
staph aureus
Gram negatives
Risk factors for neonatal sepsis
immature immune system
ICU environment
indwelling lines and tubes
