Healthy term infant

Question 1

Define term

Answer 1

37-42 weeks

Question 2

What is the normal birth weight range

Answer 2

2.5-4 kg

Question 3

during labour, what can cause a hypoxic environment to the foetus

Answer 3

Uterine contractions

Question 4

Why is prolonged labour bad

Answer 4

It reduces foetal reserves

Question 5

What is the APGAR score and what components are measured

Answer 5

objective measure of perinatal adaptation

• appearance
• pulse
• grimace/responsiveness
• activity
• respiration

Question 6

What is a normal APGAR score

Answer 6

> =8/10

Question 7

What is haemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Answer 7

disorder of clotting

coagulopathy and spontaneous bleeding

Question 8

Management of haemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Answer 8

Vit K

IM > PO

Question 9

Which has less vit K in it, breastmilk or formula milk

Answer 9

breast milk has less Vit K

Question 10

When is the heel prick test performed

Answer 10

Day 5

Question 11

What is screened for in the heel prick test

Answer 11

CF 
Haemoglobinopathies 
Congenital hypothyroidism 
Inherited metabolic disorders:
- PKU 
- MCADD 
- MSUD 
- IVA 
- GA1 
- HCU

Question 12

What additional screening tests are done

Answer 12

Universal hearing screening

Hip screening for DDH

Question 13

What does a newborn examination consist of

Answer 13

top to toe examination after delivery

Question 14

What do you check the head for

Answer 14

OFC
overlapping sutures 
fontanelles 
marks from forceps / ventouse 
moulding 
caput succedaneum 
cephalohaematoma 
subgaleal haematoma

Question 15

What is caput succedaneum

Answer 15

extra periosteal oedema and swelling in the outermost layer of skin
self limiting

Question 16

What is cephalohaematoma

Answer 16

subperiosteal haematoma
DOES NOT CROSS SUTURE LINES
self limiting

Question 17

What do you check the eyes for

Answer 17

Size 
Red reflex 
Subconjunctival haemorrhage 
Squints 
Iris abnormality - coloboma = key hole shaped iris

Question 18

What do you check the ears for

Answer 18

position
external auditory canal
tags and pits

Question 19

What do you check the mouth for

Answer 19

shape 
philtrum - upper lip 
tongue tie - implications in breastfeeding
palate - cleft 
neonatal teeth - need extraction 
Epstein's pearls 
Sucking and rooting reflex

Question 20

What are Epsteins pearls

Answer 20

gingival cysts

Question 21

What do you check the face for

Answer 21

dysmorhism

facial palsy

Question 22

What do you check the chest/lungs for (respiratory)

Answer 22

chest shape 
nasal flare
grunting 
in drawing 
tachypnoea 
breath sounds

Question 23

What do you check the heart for (CVS)

Answer 23

colour
O2 sats 
pulses 
apex beat 
thrills/heaves 
heart sounds 
murmurs

Question 24

What do you check the abdomen for

Answer 24

distension 
hernias 
umbilical - infection 
vomit - bile stained?
meconium and stool 
anus - patent 
Gastroschisis 
Exompholus

Question 25

What is gastroschisis

Answer 25

abdominal content herniate outside the body

Question 26

What is checked for in MSK

Answer 26

movement and posture 
limbs and digits 
spine 
hip exam - DDH 
spina bifida

Question 27

What is checked for neurologically

Answer 27

tone 
alert/responsiveness 
cry 
posture 
movement 
primitive reflexes

Question 28

What are the primitive reflexes

Answer 28

Moro 
sucking and rooting 
ATNR
stepping 
grasping