Healthy term infant Flashcards
Define term
37-42 weeks
What is the normal birth weight range
2.5-4 kg
during labour, what can cause a hypoxic environment to the foetus
Uterine contractions
Why is prolonged labour bad
It reduces foetal reserves
What is the APGAR score and what components are measured
objective measure of perinatal adaptation
- appearance
- pulse
- grimace/responsiveness
- activity
- respiration
What is a normal APGAR score
> =8/10
What is haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
disorder of clotting
coagulopathy and spontaneous bleeding
Management of haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Vit K
IM > PO
Which has less vit K in it, breastmilk or formula milk
breast milk has less Vit K
When is the heel prick test performed
Day 5
What is screened for in the heel prick test
CF Haemoglobinopathies Congenital hypothyroidism Inherited metabolic disorders: - PKU - MCADD - MSUD - IVA - GA1 - HCU
What additional screening tests are done
Universal hearing screening
Hip screening for DDH
What does a newborn examination consist of
top to toe examination after delivery
What do you check the head for
OFC overlapping sutures fontanelles marks from forceps / ventouse moulding caput succedaneum cephalohaematoma subgaleal haematoma
What is caput succedaneum
extra periosteal oedema and swelling in the outermost layer of skin
self limiting
What is cephalohaematoma
subperiosteal haematoma
DOES NOT CROSS SUTURE LINES
self limiting
What do you check the eyes for
Size Red reflex Subconjunctival haemorrhage Squints Iris abnormality - coloboma = key hole shaped iris
What do you check the ears for
position
external auditory canal
tags and pits
What do you check the mouth for
shape philtrum - upper lip tongue tie - implications in breastfeeding palate - cleft neonatal teeth - need extraction Epstein's pearls Sucking and rooting reflex
What are Epsteins pearls
gingival cysts
What do you check the face for
dysmorhism
facial palsy
What do you check the chest/lungs for (respiratory)
chest shape nasal flare grunting in drawing tachypnoea breath sounds
What do you check the heart for (CVS)
colour O2 sats pulses apex beat thrills/heaves heart sounds murmurs
What do you check the abdomen for
distension hernias umbilical - infection vomit - bile stained? meconium and stool anus - patent Gastroschisis Exompholus
What is gastroschisis
abdominal content herniate outside the body
What is checked for in MSK
movement and posture limbs and digits spine hip exam - DDH spina bifida
What is checked for neurologically
tone alert/responsiveness cry posture movement primitive reflexes
What are the primitive reflexes
Moro sucking and rooting ATNR stepping grasping
