Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction and sexual health > Breast cancer oncology > Flashcards

Breast cancer oncology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the oncological treatment options for breast cancer

A

Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Hormonal therapy
Antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define neo-adjuvant

A

treatment given before surgery

usually to reduce tumour size and make surgery easier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define adjuvant

A

treatment given alongside surgery, just after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Radiotherapy is an option for neo-adjuvant treatment, true or false

A

FALSE

chemo and hormonal therapy are options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are options of adjuvant therapy

A

radiotherapy - after breast conservation therapy
hormonal therapy
chemotherapy
antibodies - trastuzumab/herceptin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

give examples of hormonal therapy

A

SERMs - tamoxifen

Aromatase inhibitors - letrozole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are risks of tamoxifen

A 
DVT
PE
endometrial hyperplasia, polyps 
endometrial cancer 
PV bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are risks of AIs

A

osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which group can AIs only be given to

A

post menopausal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what kinds of chemo can be given

A

anthracycline + taxanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what injection can be given to stimulate bone marrow after depletion from chemo

A

GCSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are side effects of breast chemotherapy

A 
anorexia 
alopecia 
peripheral neuropathy 
myalgia 
neutropaenia 
malaise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is trastuzumab administered and what are its side effects

A

SC injection
cardiac failure
allergic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what monitoring is needed with herceptin

A

cardiac monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

neo-adjuvant chemotherapy has survival advantage, true or false

A

false

it is used as it gives better cosmetic outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

after discharge from oncology what is the follow up

A

seen by surgeon after 1 year

yearly mammograms for 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

list palliative treatment options

A

systemic treatment for widespread disease
radiotherapy for fungating breast disease or bone mets
bisphosphonates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what could bone pain be a sign of

A

bone metastases

19
Q

what 3 factors can be used to estimate the likelihood of recurrence

A

tumour grade
size of tumour
number of axillary nodes involved

20
Q

if a breast cancer patient on treatment is septic or has a high fever what is it a sign of and what should be done

A

neutropaenia

ASAP admission to oncology

21
Q

what are a side effect of tamoxifen/AIs

A

hot flushes

22
Q

if someone has breast cancer and has a mirena coil, what should be done

A

breast cancer is a contraindication to mirena coil therefore it should be removed

23
Q

tumour markers are essential in diagnosing breast cancer, true or false

A

false, they are rubbish for diagnosis and alright for monitoring

24
Q

list breast cancer tumour markers

A

CEA

CA15-3

25
Q

when are tumour markers for breast cancer used

A

when there is metastatic disease

26
Q

indications for bisphosphonates

A

bone metastases

alongside aromatase inhibitors

27
Q

what should be checked/done before starting bisphosphonates

A

dental work

28
Q

in a post menopausal woman with endometrial hyperplasia (or other side effects), tamoxifen should be switched to __

A

AI eg letrozole

29
Q

in a pre menopausal woman with endometrial hyperplasia (or other side effects), tamoxifen should be switched to __

A

GnRH agonist eg goserilin

30
Q

in radiotherapy, the bigger the size of breast, the greater/lower the reaction

A

greater side effects

31
Q

management of lymphoedema in the arm

A

sleeves and skincare early on

avoid BP readings, cannulation etc of that arm!

32
Q

what is a new lump after surgery/radiotherapy likely to be

A

fat necrosis from trauma

33
Q

what could back pain be a sign of

A

malignant spinal cord compression

34
Q

signs + symptoms of spinal cord compression

A

severe back pain
difficulty walking
radicular pain

35
Q

management of spinal cord compression

A

urgent MRI

radiotherapy

36
Q

which group of drugs interact with tamoxifen

A

antidepressants

37
Q

which hormone receptor + type of breast cancer has the higher rate of recurrence

A

HER2 +

38
Q

in addition to the “normal” areas of metastases, where can HER2 + tumours additionally spread to

A

CNS - brain + meninges
Pleura
Retina

39
Q

what could be the cause of a low grade headache in a HER2+ patient

A

CNS metastases

40
Q

what could be the cause of blurry vision in a HER2+ patient

A

retinal metastases

41
Q

which type of breast cancer is often missed on imaging

A

lobular

42
Q

lobular carcinoma is easy/difficult to identify on mammogram

A

difficult

43
Q

in addition to the “normal” areas of metastases, where can lobular carcinomas additionally spread to
and how can patients present

A

gut and peritoneum

subacute bowel obstruction

44
Q

how can you reduce your risk of developing breast cancer

A

healthy BMI + exercise
self screening
no excessive alcohol intake

Reproduction and sexual health (46 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions